Dendritic polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized by carboxymethyl chitin templating

Application of Spectroscopic Methods for Structural Analysis of Chitin and Chitosan

“…The samples for FTIR analysis are prepared by grinding the dry blended powders with powdered KBr, often in the ratio of 1:5 (Sample: KBr) and then compressed to form discs. Spectra are sometimes measured using a deuterated triglycerinesulphate detector (DTGS) with a specific detectivity of 1 × 10 9 cmHz 1/2 w −1 [ 103 ] or on films using an attenuated total refraction (ATR) method in an IR spectrometer [ 104 – 106 ]. Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier-Transform (DRIFT) spectroscopic analysis is also applied [ 107 ].…”

“…UV-Vis techniques were useful for determining the structure of many chitin/chitosan derivatives, for example, chitosan hydrogel membranes obtained by UV- and γ-radiation [ 196 ], substituted polyaniline/chitosan composites [ 163 ], chitosan- l -glutamic acid aerogel derivatives [ 144 ], fluorescent chitosan derivatives containing substituted naphthalimides [ 197 ] and dendritic polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized by carboxymethyl chitin templating [ 103 ]. They were also employed to determine the actual degree of substitution of fluorescent chitosan ( DS parameter) and the concentration of the 9-anthrylmethylated unit in modified chitosan [ 198 ].…”

Nanoparticles of Conjugated Polymers

“…Carboxymethyl chitin as a steric stabilizer afforded ca. 500 nm sized globular aggregates of small primary particles, from which the carboxymethyl chitin could be removed after polymerization . Electrically conductive hydrogels containing PANI nanoparticles were prepared by a conventional aniline dispersion polymerization with PVP as the steric stabilizer, followed by γ-irradiation-induced cross-linking of the PVP components .…”

“…500 nm sized globular aggregates of small primary particles, from which the carboxymethyl chitin could be removed after polymerization. 135 Electrically conductive hydrogels containing PANI nanoparticles were prepared by a conventional aniline dispersion polymerization with PVP as the steric stabilizer, followed by γ-irradiationinduced cross-linking of the PVP components. 136 Horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed enzymatic polymerization, which unlike oxidation with traditional chemical oxidants is not autocatalytic and allows for control of the oxidation rate, in dispersion with PVA, chitosan, and poly(N-isopropylamide) as steric stabilizers in combination with a variety of "doping" agents afforded mainly spherical particles with sizes ranging from 50 to 350 nm.…”

Preparation and analysis of photochromic behavior of carboxymethyl chitin derivatives containing spiropyran moieties

“…The weight loss slows down above 500 °C. On comparing of the XRD patterns of chitin [50,55,[60][61][62][63] and CMCH [52][53][54]62,64], the position of XRD peaks shows little difference, but the intensity is markedly different. This implies that these XRD peaks originated from highly crystalline chitin with extensive hydrogen bonding that has been partly destroyed by carboxymethylation, resulting in the decrease in degree of crystallinity.…”