Dengue Virus Serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan

Potter, Polyxeni

doi:10.3201/eid1301.060376

Cited by 82 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…DEN 2 was found associated with DHF in our previous study. Contrary to our results, others reported three (DEN-1, 2 & 3) or all four serotypes of dengue virus from Pakistan (27,19,17,18). Humayoun and colleagues (19) has reported DEN4, DEN2, and DEN3 serotypes from Pakistan with predominant serotype DEN4.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

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Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (DEN-2): the Causative Agent of 2011-Dengue Epidemic in Pakistan

Idrees¹,

Hussain²,

Rehman³

et al. 2012

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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Introduction: Dengue virus (DENV) is an arthropod-borne virus that belonged to the Flaviviridae viral family. Four known serotypes DEN-1 through DEN-4 do exist and circulate in diverse geographical regions of the world causing epidemics. The management of dengue patients, and especially dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) cases, has been a challenge in Pakistan now days. Method: We have carried out a comprehensive study of the current outbreaks of dengue virus infection on molecular level with the aim to find out the common serotype/s of DENV responsible for this outbreak using PCR, real-time PCR and nucleotide sequencing targeting the C-prM gene junction. For this purpose total 1129 serum samples received between from start of August till end of November 2011 from all the major hospitals of Lahore, Punjab at Division of Molecular Virology, National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology (CEMB) University of the Punjab Lahore were utilized for the DENV diagnosis and serotypes/genotypes analysis. Results: Male female ratio of the suspected dengue patients was 2.4:1. Their mean age were 31.14 + 16.03 (SD) years ranging from 9 months to 90 years. Out of these 1129 serum samples, total 930 (82.37%) were found infected with DENV. Out of the 930 DENV RNA positive samples, 893 (96.02%) had DEN-2 Am. J. Biomed. Sci. 2012, 4(4), 307-315; doi: 10.5099/aj120400307 © 2012 by NWPII. All rights reserved. 308 and 37 (3.97%) sample had concurrent infection with serotypes 2 and 3. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study we conclude that DEN-2 is the responsible genotype for the current dengue epidemic that started from the beginning of year 2011 and is continuing till now. The additional serotype detected in the current study was serotype 3 that remained in very low frequency in Pakistan for last several decades.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Sometimes all four dengue viruses are circulating simultaneously in areas where about 2/3 rd of the world's population lives and are infested with dengue vectors, mostly Aedes aegypti (12). At least seven dengue epidemics have been reported from Pakistan in last 20 years (13,14,15,16,17,18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (DEN-2): the Causative Agent of 2011-Dengue Epidemic in Pakistan

Idrees¹,

Hussain²,

Rehman³

et al. 2012

Am. J. Biomed. Sci.

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“…South East Asia is considered to be the hub of these genetic mutations as new strains of DENV mostly emerge from this region including DEN-3. DENV serotype 3 responsible for 2005 outbreak of Karachi was found to be very similar to the Indian DEN-3 [18,19]. Fatima et al [31] found that the DEN-3 of Pakistan had 99% homology with Sri Lankan DEN-3 strain [31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So the present technique used in the study can also be used commercially for serotyping of the dengue viruses. DEN-3 was first reported by Jamil et al [18] in 2005 outbreak of Karachi [18]. From then DEN-3 along with DEN-2 has become a major cause of DHF/DSS in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotyping of Dengue Virus from Deadly Outbreaks of Pakistan

Waqar¹

2016

JHVRV

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Dengue Dengue virus (DENV) belonging to the family Flaviviridae consists of 4 serotypes (DEN-1, 2, 3 & 4) causing severe illnesses like dengue fever (DF), Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS). Dengue fever has become an emerging disease in Pakistan during the past 5-7 years with an increase in the number of cases every year since 2006. The current study aimed at identifying the serotypes of dengue virus involved in 2011 outbreak of Pakistan. Samples were collected from all provinces of Pakistan. Patients were confirmed in the hospital by antibody captured Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). These ELISA positive serum samples were inoculated on HeLa cell line to raise the viral titer of dengue virus and then RT-PCR was done for serotyping of dengue virus. Initially D1, D2 primers were tried for serotyping of dengue virus but poor results were obtained.Then serotype specific primers were designed having equal fragment length targeting NS1 gene. This approach was successful in serotyping of dengue virus from Pakistani population. On Real time RT-PCR, Dengue virus (DENV) was detected in 43.33% (n=26) patients out of 60 analyzed samples. Among 26 positive cases, 76.9% (n=20) were children and 23.1% (n=6) were adults and 46.1% (n=12) were male and 53.8 % (n=14) were females. ELISA results of 26 PCR positive cases show that 53.8% (n=14) were positive for IgM, 15.4 % (n=4) were positive for IgG and 30.8 % (n=8) were positive for both IgG and IgM. In this study DEN-2 was detected in 13.3% (n=8) patients, DEN-3 was detected in 16.67% (n=10) patients and DEN-2 & DEN-3 coinfection was detected in 13.3% (n=8) patients. We did not detected DEN-1 & DEN-4 in 2011 outbreak of Pakistan in 60 analyzed samples. By this study we can conclude that DEN-2 and DEN-3 were the main serotypes involved in 2011 outbreaks in Pakistan.

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“…First outbreak of dengue in the Pakistan have been reported in Karachi in 1994 (Humayoun, Waseem, Jawa, Hashmi, & Akram, 2010;Khan et al, 2010;Qureshi, Notta, Salahuddin, Zaman, & Khan, 1997). During 2005During -2010 cases have been reported in Lahore, Karachi and some other cities (Fatima et al, 2011;Jamil, 2007;Tahir, Hafeez, & Chaudhry, 2010). Dengue fever is well known disease in Pakistan after the huge outbreak of 2011 in Lahore (Ahmed et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Dengue virus Infection among Febrile Patients of Lahore

Malik¹,

Javed²,

Wasim³

et al. 2017

GJHS

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Background: Dengue virus infection is one of the major global public health problems. The infection usually occurs with clinical manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic or mild febrile illness as classical dengue fever to the potentially life-threatening illness, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. The objective of the current study was to observe the frequency and diagnosis of primary or secondary dengue viral infection among individuals in Lahore city, Pakistan.Methods: Study subjects were identified for the presence of dengue diagnostic markers including NS1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibody. The dengue specific antigen NS1 was detected by immonochromatography, while dengue specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) were measured through ELISA.Results: Total 98 (56%) out of 175 febrile cases were found infected by dengue virus. From total 98 confirmed dengue cases, NS1 antigen was detected in 59 (60.20%), IgM antibodies were present in 74 (75.51%) and IgG antibodies were detected in 40 (40.81%) individuals. Statistical analysis reveals correlation of NS1 antigen and IgM antibody among dengue patients with significant P-value (P < 0.01). Results indicated that 58 (59%) were infected by primary infection and 40 (41%) were infected by secondary infection. The most effected age group was 21-30 years (51.02%) and least effected age group was <10 years (3.06%). Males were observed higher in number 61 (62%) as compare to females 37 (38%). Overall, the frequency of dengue virus infections were 56% among undifferentiated febrile patients in Lahore city, Pakistan. Conclusion:Dengue is found endemic in city population with increased incidence in monsoon and post monsoon. Constant vigilance of patients and dengue vector control awareness programs among public and health care officials could support in combating dengue.

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Dengue Virus Serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 82 publications

References 8 publications

Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (DEN-2): the Causative Agent of 2011-Dengue Epidemic in Pakistan

Dengue Virus Serotype 2 (DEN-2): the Causative Agent of 2011-Dengue Epidemic in Pakistan

Serotyping of Dengue Virus from Deadly Outbreaks of Pakistan

Frequency of Dengue virus Infection among Febrile Patients of Lahore

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