Denied ethnicism: on the <scp>W</scp>alloon movement in <scp>B</scp>elgium

Ginderachter, Maarten Van; Leerssen, Joep

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2011.00511.x

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…The Flemish identity appears to be associated with the protection of Flemish cultural heritage and language. The Walloon identity, by contrast, is rooted in the social and economic emancipation of the Walloon region and primarily refers to a concept of civic citizenship that celebrates values of diversity, pluralism and tolerance (Van Dam, 1996;Van Ginderachter and Leerssen, 2012;Meeusen et al, 2017). Although the discursive opposition between Flemish ethnic nationalism and Walloon civic regionalism is constructed and overdetermined, the popular claim is that Flanders adheres to a more ethnic exclusionary concept of (sub)national identity, whereas the Walloon identity is civic and inclusive towards immigrants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between (sub)national Identity, Citizenship Conceptions, and Perceived Ethnic Threat in Flanders and Wallonia for the Period 1995–2020: A Measurement Invariance Testing Strategy

Billiet¹,

Meeusen²,

Abts

2021

Front. Polit. Sci.

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This article examines the relationship between (sub)national identity and attitudes towards immigrants in the multinational context of Belgium. We extend our previous studies by analysing a longer time period (1995–2020) and by making a strong case for the idea that measurement invariance testing and theoretical meaningfulness are closely intertwined. To examine whether and how the relationship between (sub)national identity and perceived ethnic threat has changed over time and between regions, we first test for metric invariance of the latent concepts. Using data from the Belgian National Election Studies, we illustrate that evaluating invariance of measurements is a necessary condition for comparative research, but also that measurement equivalence testing should be considered as an empirical guide showing researchers where substantial conclusions should potentially be revisited and theoretical validity rethought. Next, we verify whether the relationship between (sub)national identity and perceptions of ethnic threat across subnational units can be attributed to different conceptions of community membership -in terms of ethnic and/or civic citizenship conceptions- in Flanders and Wallonia. While we expected that a strong identification with Flanders would primarily be related to an ethnic citizenship representation, and as a result, stronger feelings of threat towards immigrants; we expected that a strong identification with Wallonia would primarily be related to a civic representation of the nation and therefore lower feelings of threat. Thanks to our thorough invariance testing strategy, the conceptualisation and measurement of (sub)national identity had to be adjusted in Wallonia, and the hypotheses had to be qualified.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between (sub)national Identity, Citizenship Conceptions, and Perceived Ethnic Threat in Flanders and Wallonia for the Period 1995–2020: A Measurement Invariance Testing Strategy

Billiet¹,

Meeusen²,

Abts

2021

Front. Polit. Sci.

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Regional identity and economic development in ‘recovering’ regions: Exploring the Walloon case

Moscovitz

2020

Regional & Federal Studies

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The nation and the city: urban festivals and cultural mobilisation

Leerssen

2015

Nations and Nationalism

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This article attempts to map the relations between nation‐building processes in 19th‐century Europe and city cultures with their urban sociability. Three patterns are surveyed: [1] the modern‐national assimilation of medieval and early‐modern city cultures (sample case: Orléans and the French cult of Joan of Arc); [2] the modular replication across cities of urban festivals as cultural mobilizers (sample case: the spread of Floral Games festivals in Southern France and Northern Spain); [3] the reticulation of city‐based practices into a nationwide and nation‐building network (sample cases: the role of choral societies in German cultural nationalism; and its transnational knock‐on effect in the Baltic Provinces). By choosing the city as our social focus and placing it (or rather, its ideal‐type ‘Urbania’) alongside Gellner's ideal‐types of ‘Megalomania’ and ‘Ruritania’, we can avoid the finalism of studying regionalist and nationalist movements in the analytical framework of the post‐Versailles state system, and we gain a better understanding of the granulated, localized social basis of such movements and the translocally homogenizing role of culture.

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Denied ethnicism: on the Walloon movement in Belgium

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

The Relationship Between (sub)national Identity, Citizenship Conceptions, and Perceived Ethnic Threat in Flanders and Wallonia for the Period 1995–2020: A Measurement Invariance Testing Strategy

The Relationship Between (sub)national Identity, Citizenship Conceptions, and Perceived Ethnic Threat in Flanders and Wallonia for the Period 1995–2020: A Measurement Invariance Testing Strategy

Regional identity and economic development in ‘recovering’ regions: Exploring the Walloon case

The nation and the city: urban festivals and cultural mobilisation

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