Dense water formation in the Northern Adriatic

Vested, Hans Jacob; Berg, Peter; Uhrenholdt, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s0924-7963(98)00009-8

Cited by 30 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…North Adriatic has negative heat budget at the surface in average, which characterizes the area as the coldest place in the Adriatic. In particular, severe cooling may occur during cold and dry outbreaks of the Bora wind from inland, with the heat loss up to 1,000 W/m 2 (Supic´and Orlic´1999; Vested et al 1998) during wintertime, favourable for NAdDW generation. North Adriatic rivers, of which the largest is Po River, brings much freshwater (Raicich 1996), especially during the peaks (up to 5,000 m 3 /s) which usually occur during spring (snow melting) and autumn (inland rainfall), spreading over the whole area and decreasing the surface salinity.…”

Section: The Climatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heat losses can be as high as 1,000 W/m 2 (Vilibic´et al 2004) or even higher (Vested et al 1998), but they are unevenly distributed over the sea surface, due to large spatial variability of the Bora (Orlic´et al 1994; Grubisˇic´2 004). As the bottom is almost flat, Bora-induced windcurl is the major force which shapes the circulation in the northern Adriatic during NAdDW generation (Kuzmicá nd Orlic´1987).…”

Section: Dense Water Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dense water generation on a shelf: the case of the Adriatic Sea

Vilibić

Supić²

2005

Ocean Dynamics

129

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The paper overviews recent and past studies of preconditioning, generation and spreading of North Adriatic Dense Water (NAdDW), by analysing both transient episodes and climatological data. The importance of wind stress, heat and water fluxes, and particularly river discharges during the preconditioning and generative period is emphasized, as well as the advection of saline levantine intermediate water from the southeast. After the generation, NAdDW affects deep and bottom layers of the middle and south Adriatic Sea, flowing as a dense current and mixing with the adjacent waters; it can be traced even in the Otranto Strait, contributing to the formation of deep water in the Eastern Mediterranean. Objective shortcomings and the projections in NAdDW investigations are also discussed, due to their high importance in the circulation of the Adriatic Sea, which may relate other similar basins around the world.

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Section: The Climatologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dense Water Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dense water generation on a shelf: the case of the Adriatic Sea

Vilibić

Supić²

2005

Ocean Dynamics

129

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“…Formation rates of the Adriatic dense water have been investigated in several studies (Artegiani et al, 1989;Artegiani and Salusti, 1987;Vested et al, 1998;Lascaratos, 2004, 2008). Numerically-and observationallybased estimates of NAdw formation rates suggest values of about 0.03-0.07 Sv; similar derivations for the MAdw are about 0.06-0.07 Sv, whereas in the Southern Adriatic, dense water formation rate ranges from 0.18 to 0.64 Sv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of the hydrographic conditions in the Adriatic Sea from numerical modelling and direct observations (2000–2008)

Oddo

Guarnieri

2011

Ocean Sci.

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Abstract. The inter-annual variability of Adriatic Sea hydrographic characteristics is investigated by means of numerical simulation and direct observation. The period under investigation runs from the beginning of 2000 to the end of 2008. The model used to carry out the simulation is derived from the primitive equation component of the Adriatic Forecasting System (AFS). The model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM) adapted in order to reproduce the features of the Adriatic. Both numerical findings and observations agree in depicting a strong inter-annual variability in the entire Adriatic Sea and its sub-basins. Nevertheless, two model deficiencies are identified: an excessive vertical/horizontal mixing and an inaccurate representation of the thermohaline properties of the entering Mediterranean Waters. The dense water formation process has been found to be intermittent. In addition to inter-annual variability, a long-scale signal has been observed in the salinity content of the basin as a consequence of a prolonged period of reduced Po river runoff and high evaporation rates. As a result, the temperature and salinity of the northern Adriatic dense water vary considerably between the beginning and the end of the period investigated.

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“…This means that entrainment and mixing will be overpredicted if the model does not account for this effect (MIKE3 Reference Manual, 2005). In the traditional Smagorinsky closure model, buoyancy effects are taken into account in an explicit manner following the empirical expression of Munk and Anderson (Munk and Anderson, 1948;Vested et a/., 1998). In the k-s closure model, the Prandtl number aj, which appears in the transport equations for k and s, is modified explicitly by the expression…”

Section: The Two-equation Model: the K-e Model And Mixed K-e Smagorimentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-hydraulic Modelling of Eutrophication for Reservoir Management

Jung¹

2010

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Dense water formation in the Northern Adriatic

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Dense water generation on a shelf: the case of the Adriatic Sea

Dense water generation on a shelf: the case of the Adriatic Sea

A study of the hydrographic conditions in the Adriatic Sea from numerical modelling and direct observations (2000–2008)

Eco-hydraulic Modelling of Eutrophication for Reservoir Management

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