Densidades de aranhas errantes (Ctenidae e Sparassidae, Araneae) em uma floresta fragmentada

Rego, Felipe N. A. A.; Venticinque, Eduardo Martins; Brescovit, Antônio D.

doi:10.1590/s1676-06032005000200004

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…sampling sites in different habitats), and the effects analyzed. REGO et al (2005REGO et al ( , 2007 disappeared almost entirely, possibly do to a proliferation of its parasitoids (BROWN & HUTCHINGS 1997). Surveys conducted prior and soon after the fragments of 1-and 10-ha were isolated indicated that the short-term response of the butterfly assemblage varied depending whether or not the felled vegetation was burned.…”

Section: Butterfliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wandering spiders from two different families (Ctenidae and Sparassidae) were collected in seven forest fragments (р 10 ha) and in nine areas of continuous forest (REGO et al 2005). These spiders are widely distributed over the Amazon region; they have strictly nocturnal habitats, do not use webs to capture their prey, and are found mainly in the leaf-litter.…”

Section: Spidersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arthropod responses to the experimental isolation of Amazonian forest fragments

Vasconcelos¹,

Bruna²

2012

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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Section: Butterfliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spidersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthropod responses to the experimental isolation of Amazonian forest fragments

Vasconcelos¹,

Bruna²

2012

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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“…Devem-se também considerar outros fatores que podem influenciar a densidade e a distribuição das espécies de aranhas Ctenus, como sazonalidade (Gasnier, 1996), tipos de solo (Gasnier & Höfer, 2001), grau de perturbação (Jocqué et al, 2005), presença de formigas de correição Eciton burchelli (Gasnier et al, 1995, Vieira & Höfer 1994, competição interespecífica (Gasnier et al, 1995;Rego et al, 2005) e diferenças entre detectabilidade de machos e fêmeas (machos são mais ativos que as fêmeas, Salvestrini & Gasnier, 2001;Gasnier et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Rego et al (2005) encontraram evidências que a fragmentação florestal reduz as populações de aranhas do gênero Ctenus na Amazônia Central. As espécies Ctenus amphora (Mello-Leitão, 1930), C. crulsi (Mello-Leitão, 1930), C. manauara e C. villasboasi (Mello-Leitão, 1949) coexistem na serapilheira do chão na floresta de terra firme da Amazônia Central, mas suas abundâncias absolutas e relativas variam bastante dentro e entre diferentes habitats da floresta (Gasnier & Höfer, 2001), portanto, o efeito da fragmentação poderia diferir entre as espécies em função de diferenças ecológicas que existem entre elas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Populações de aranhas errantes do gênero Ctenus em fragmentos florestais na Amazônia Central

Mestre

Gasnier

2008

Acta Amaz.

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RESUMOCtenus é um gênero de aranhas errantes abundante em florestas tropicais da América do Sul e da África e está se tornando um organismo modelo para compreensão da biologia de predadores na fauna de serapilheira. Avaliamos os efeitos da fragmentação florestal sobre quatro espécies de aranhas errantes do gênero Ctenus (C. amphora, C. crulsi, C. manauara e C. villasboasi), baseado nas variações das densidades e nos tamanhos de adultos em fragmentos de tamanhos diferentes, nas bordas destes e nas florestas secundárias próximas. Este estudo foi realizado de fevereiro a julho de 1999, em floresta tropical úmida de terra firme ao norte de Manaus -AM. As áreas incluíram três locais de mata secundária, quatro fragmentos de 1 ha, três de 10 ha, dois de 100 ha e quatro reservas em floresta contínua (maior que 10.000 ha). As aranhas foram capturadas manualmente, mensuradas e contadas em transectos de 250x5 m ou 500x5 m em áreas de platô, no interior e nas bordas dos fragmentos. Houve predomínio significativo de fêmeas em duas espécies (C. amphora-74% e C. crulsi-65%); dimorfismo sexual de tamanho em três espécies (C. amphora, C. crulsi e C. manauara) e variação temporal da abundância significativa para as quatro espécies. Estes resultados corroboraram e complementaram tendências de estudos anteriores e permitem uma interpretação mais completa sobre a ecologia destas espécies. Não observamos diferenças de abundância das aranhas entre centro e bordas e entre reservas de diferentes tamanhos. O efeito de borda ou do tamanho do fragmento sobre o tamanho de aranhas Ctenus neste estudo foi bem menor que as variações anteriormente observadas entre habitats diferentes no interior da floresta. Comparações com um estudo posterior a este, mostram que efeito da fragmentação nesta escala sobre estas aranhas diminui com a regeneração da floresta ao redor dos fragmentos, indicando uma rápida resposta do grupo para estas modificações ambientais.PalavRaS-chavE: Aranhas errantes, Ctenus, Populações, Amazônia, Fragmentos Florestais. Populations of Ctenus wandering spiders in Amazonian forest fragments aBSTRacTCtenus is a genus of wandering spiders abundant in Neotropical and African rainforests and is becoming a model organism to understand the biology of predators in the leaf litter fauna. We compared abundance, sex ratio, seasonality and size dimorphism in populations of four species of medium sized wandering spiders, Ctenus amphora, C. crulsi, C. manauara and C. villasboasi in primary forests, fragments with different areas, their borders and secondary forests near them. This study was conducted between February and July 1999, in a terra-firme (non-flooded) tropical rain forest, in central Amazonia. The spiders were measured and counted in transects of 250x5 m or 500x5 m in three secondary forest sites, four fragments of primary forest of 1 ha, three of 10 ha, two of 100 ha and four reserves of continuous forest (larger than 10.000 ha). There was a significant predominance of females in two species (C. amphora-74% and C. crulsi-65%), se...

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“…In the Neotropical and African forests, the Ctenidae family has several medium to large species that are among the major nocturnal predators of arthropod fauna, and small vertebrates in the understory (e.g., Gasnier & Höfer, 2001;Jocqué, Samu, & Bird, 2005;Rego, Venticinque, & Brescovit, 2005). Despite their abundance, the habitat complexity makes difficult the study of some species in the natural environment.…”

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Strong negative effect of diurnal rainfall on nocturnal activity of a wandering spider in Central Amazonia

Queiroz

Gasnier

2017

RBT

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Abstract:Rainfall is a common phenomenon in tropical forests influencing the behavior of many animals, however, little is known about its post-occurrence effect on behavior. We investigated the effect of diurnal rainfall on the nocturnal activity of the wandering spider species Phoneutria reidyi in nights without rainfall. Our study included two different areas and periods: a coconut plantation, located 108 km from the city of Manaus, containing an area of 80 x 80 m with 105 palms, from July 2014 to July 2015; and an area of 80 x 80 m in a rainforest fragment in Manaus, from December 2015 to March 2016. Each night, we counted active spiders (found outside refugees) searching carefully on the vegetation and on the ground using a headlamp between 19:00-00:00. Spiders were not captured to avoid the effect of disturbance, and were measured by approaching a caliper rule. We used an index to measure the diurnal rainfall effect (DRE) which was the percentage of change in the number of active spiders at night after a diurnal rainfall, considering 100 % the number of spiders active at the previous or following night, without previous rainfall during the day. This pairwise approach was used to avoid seasonal bias and included 15 pairs of nights in the plantation, and 15 pairs in the forest. A total of 2 243 active spiders were counted. The number of active spiders was always smaller in nights after diurnal rainfall, with a mean reduction of 53.4 %. The abundance of active spiders reduced significantly in both areas after a diurnal rainfall, and the effect was not different between areas. Larger spiders (mostly adults) reduced their activity (-62.8 %) more than smaller spiders (juveniles, -48.5 %). The amount of rainfall during the day had no effect on the nocturnal activity, i.e., the effect of strong diurnal rainfall is similar to the effect of a weak rainfall. The air temperature did not change significantly at night after diurnal rainfalls. The seasonality of rainfall apparently has a weak or absent effect on the abundance of P. reidyi, which was approximately constant through one year. We believe that the moisture, which may affect the chemical cues of prey, is the major cause to reduce the active spiders after rainfall, but we discuss other potential causes. Smaller individuals are probably more active under less favorable conditions due to the stronger need of food for growing. If this effect of rainfall on the behavior is common for wandering spiders in general, the rainfall events may have important consequences for the entire community of arthropods and small vertebrates. We suggest that studies based on relative abundance of spiders should take in account this potential effect in collection and analysis of data. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65 (3): 1152-1160. Epub 2017 September 01.Key words: Phoneutria reidyi, rainforest, behavior, censuses, venomous spiders.Rainfall can alter the foraging activity of animals by precluding the visual or tactile perception of prey or predators nearby, or by hindering the mobility of small a...

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Densidades de aranhas errantes (Ctenidae e Sparassidae, Araneae) em uma floresta fragmentada

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Arthropod responses to the experimental isolation of Amazonian forest fragments

Arthropod responses to the experimental isolation of Amazonian forest fragments

Populações de aranhas errantes do gênero Ctenus em fragmentos florestais na Amazônia Central

Strong negative effect of diurnal rainfall on nocturnal activity of a wandering spider in Central Amazonia

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