Densification of water hyacinth — basic data

Köser, H.; Schmalstieg, Gerd; Siemers, W.T.

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(82)90305-2

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Finally, we remark that equilibrium will be established between water's liquid and vapor phases at elevated pressures. It is well-known that steam and liquid water can soften, degrade, and extract lignin at temperatures near 100 °C. − Furthermore, formic and acetic acids are early products of biomass pyrolysis; consequently, an acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the wet holocelluose fraction of the feed can occur at elevated pressures and somewhat higher temperatures when liquid water is present. All these phenomena can contribute to the improved fixed-carbon yields that are obtained by carbonization at elevated pressure.…”

Section: Effects Of the Gas Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production

Antal

Grønli

2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

1,357

885

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In this review, we summarize the knowledge of the production and properties of charcoal that has been accumulated over the past 38 millenia. The manipulation of pressure, moisture content, and gas flow enables biomass carbonization with fixed-carbon yields that approachor attainthe theoretical limit after reaction times of a few tens of minutes. Much of the heat needed to carbonize the feed is released by vigorous, exothermic secondary reactions that reduce the formation of unwanted tars by augmenting the charcoal yield in a well-designed carbonizer. As a renewable fuel, charcoal has many attractive features: it contains virtually no sulfur or mercury and is low in nitrogen and ash; it is highly reactive yet easy to store and handle. Carbonized charcoal can be a good adsorbent with a large surface area and a semimetal with an electrical resistivity comparable to that of graphite. Recent advances in knowledge about the production and properties of charcoal presage its expanded use as a renewable fuel, reductant, adsorbent, and soil amendment.

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Section: Effects Of the Gas Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production

Antal

Grønli

2003

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

1,357

885

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“…Limited studies however, have been conducted to determine the effectiveness of binding methods and to determine combustion characteristics with different binders. A study by Koser et al [ 16 ] showed the technical feasibility and economic viability of densified water hyacinth and cotton stalks. Supatata et al [ 17 ] characterized fuel briquettes from water hyacinth with sewage sludge as binder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and characterisation of charcoal briquettes from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)-molasses blend

et al. 2018

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Charcoal briquettes are inexpensive solid fuels made from carbonized biomass. The potential of converting water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) charcoal into briquettes with molasses as binder was investigated in this study. Dried water hyacinth was carbonized at a temperature between 350°C to 500°C in a fabricated fine biomass carbonizer. A solution containing 80% by weight molasses was used in the production of briquettes having different charcoal/molasses ratios of 40:60, 30:70, and 20:80. Each briquette was characterized in terms of bulk density, calorific value, compressive strength, proximate analysis and micro-structure by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Charcoal briquettes were tested for their flammable characteristics through their burning rates and ignition time. Altering the molasses to charcoal ratio affected the quality and characteristics of the briquettes. Volatile combustible matter and fixed carbon increased with increasing amount of binder while ash content decreased. The 30:70 charcoal/molasses ratio produced the highest calorific value (16.6 MJ/kg) and compressive strength (19.1 kg/cm2). The results have shown the potential of converting water hyacinth into an alternative fuel source.

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“…From the existing research results, a theoretical basis and empirical conclusion have been provided for studying the motion characteristics of airborne biomass particles in indoor space. Due to their special physical properties, such as water absorption and morphological variability, the behavior of suspended biomass particles is easily affected by the ambient temperature and humidity [13,14]. In fact, the indoor environments of biomass energy plants vary with different production processes [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Natural Deposition Characteristics of Airborne Biomass Particles

Yuan

Chen

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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In the production process of biomass energy with crop straw as the raw material, the indoor dust environment created by smashed plant fiber can affect the health of workers and lead to the risk of fire and explosions. The physical properties of biomass vary with the ambient air conditions, resulting in different deposition processes for airborne biomass particles. In this study, the deposition of biomass particles in different environments in an experimental chamber was examined by independently controlling the internal temperature and relative humidity. The results show that in the ambient temperature range of 20~40 °C and at a relative humidity of 25~65%, the water absorption rates of the biomass particles were 15.4~24.7%. The deposition rates of the airborne biomass particles with different sizes were 0.9~2.9 h−1, which positively correlated with the particle sizes in the same ambient conditions. The increase in ambient temperature and relative humidity promoted the deposition of biomass particles with diameters over 0.5 μm. For the particles with diameters below 0.5 μm, the deposition rates were nonlinearly related to the ambient temperature and relative humidity and were greater at lower temperatures. The significance levels of the factors influencing the particle deposition were particle size > ambient temperature > ambient relative humidity. For the biomass particles below 0.5 μm, the influence of the relative humidity on the deposition was much weaker than that of the temperature.

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Densification of water hyacinth — basic data

Cited by 27 publications

References 2 publications

The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production

The Art, Science, and Technology of Charcoal Production

Development and characterisation of charcoal briquettes from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)-molasses blend

Effects of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Natural Deposition Characteristics of Airborne Biomass Particles

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