Densitometric techniques in dental implantology: current status

Abstract

S20mary action response errors related to the means of preserving avulsed teeth, usually opting for transporting teeth "dry". The 86.4% of teachers were interested in receiving specific training guidelines for action in responding to CTDIs. Conclusions: The knowledge of teachers on the first action measure to respond to a CTDI turned out to be significantly low. This is especially worrisome since many of the CTDIs occur in schools and increases the need to include CTDI content in teacher training programs. Objective: Bone density is one of the most important factors of osseointegration, therefor we need techniques to value it. The aim of this study was to compare the different densitometry techniques used in Implantology (Radiology, DXA, TC, CB-CT, MRI and QUS), evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of each one. -Oral Presentation Material and Methods:We have done a bibliographic review from the database of Pubmed about 179 articles concerning to densitometric techniques: Radiology, DXA (Double X-Ray Absorptiometry), CT (Computed Tomography), CB-CT (Computed Tomography Cone Beam), MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and QUS (Quantitative Ultrasound). Results: With QCT we get a density valued in Hounsfield units (HU) according to the degrees of attenuation of the R-X. With the CB-CT we obtain also gray levels (UH), but they are superior to those obtained with CT. DXA provides a mineral density of surface (BMD or BMD) expressed in mg Ha/cm 2 . Radiology and visual and tactile scales (Lekholm-Zarb and Misch) are little accurate to assess bone density, providing an empirical and subjective estimate. The application of MRI and QUS in densitometry remains, for now, experimental. Conclusions 1-CT is the most accurate densitometric technique. 2-CB-CT provides inaccurate and arbitrary UH, so we need attenuation coefficients. 3-DXA is difficult to apply in the maxillofacial area due to the overlapping of regions. Objective: Biphoshponates are drugs used in treatment of osteporosis and other diseases. They inhib osteoclastic activity so they arrest the bone remodeling process. The high cell turnover rate presented in maxilar and mandibular bone during surgical procedures, makes them more vulnerable to biphoshponate-related osteonecrosis. This vulerability is more pronunced in intravenous in comparision with oral biphosphonates. In recent years it has been studied the hypothesis that these drugs may improve the osseointegration of dental implants being applied locally by coating them. Material and Methods: A review of published scientific literature on the effects on the osseointegration of local application of bisphosphonate coated titanium implants and the appearance or not of biphosphonaterelated osteonecrosis as we see with systemic bisphosphonates. Most of the studies are based on research on animals, mainly rodents and sheep, but also have revised articles on human. Results: The vast majority of the literature revised present an improved osseointegration of implants with bisphosphonates coating versus different gro...