Density and characteristic of bioturbation of Uca spp at Tanjung Tiram mangrove ecosystem in Poka village, District of Ambon Bay

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystem provides high ecological contribution to various biological resources including fiddler crab, Uca spp in its ecological and economic role in the ecosystem. The study held in September to October 2020 to analyze species composition, density and characteristic of bioturbation (color, substrate structure and the shape). The study was conducted at 3 station using purposive sampling method. The stations are determined based on the characteristic of the fiddler crabs habitats (living status, the vegetation of mangrove, substrate tipes and utilization level). Three species of fiddler crabs are found in the study namely Uca perpelexa, U. lactea, and U. mjoebergi. The highest density is represented by U. perpelexa. The highest density of fiddler crab is found in station 2 with various habitats characteristics. The color of the bioturbation are different in every station considering the substrate structure. Substrate fraction is dominated by sand in various catagories in every station especially on its roughness (rough, medium and soft). Five shapes of bioturbation are found by the study considering the various percentage of total and the various of inhabitant species in every station. The bioturbations are influenced morfologicaly by substrate structure and the existing rooting of the mangrove vegetation.

Species Composition and Density of Uca spp. at Passo Mangrove Ecosystem, Ambon City

“…Spesies-spesies yang ditemukan pada ekosistem mangrove Passo, memiliki wilayah distribusi pada pesisir pantai Indonesia, terutama di Sulawesi Tenggara Papua Barat, Barat Laut hingga Timur Laut Australia, Taiwan, Thailand, China, Jepang, Filipina, Burma, Malaysia, China, Taiwan, Thailand dan Papua Nugini (Murniati & Pratiwi, 2015a). Jumlah spesies kepiting biola di ekosistem mangrove Passo lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada ekosistem mangrove Tanjung Tiram (3 spesies), yang berada pada wilayah yang sama yaitu perairan Teluk Ambon Dalam (Siahainenia, 2021).…”

“…Demikian juga bila dibandingkan dengan pesisir pantai Jailolo, Halmahera Utara (4 spesies) (Baksir et al, 2022), dan pada kawasan mangrove Jawai, Kabupaten Sambas (5 spesies) (Darwati et al, 2022) Spesies U. perplexa, U. lacteal, dan U. annulipes ditemukan pada semua stasiun, yang mengindikasikan kemampuan yang tinggi dari ketiga spesies terhadap keragaman karakter habitat pada lokasi penelitian, atau dapat dikatakan bahwa karakter habitat pada stasiun penelitian dapat mendukung eksistensi ketiga spesies tersebut. Dalam beberapa penelitian sebelumnya di Indonesia, spesies U. perplexa ditemukan di beberapa daerah diataranya pada ekosistem mangrove Tanjung Tiram Teluk Ambon (Siahainenia, 2021), Donggala Sulawesi Tengah (Aprilyanto et al, 2017), pantai Jailolo, Halmahera (Baksir et al, 2022;Akbar et al, 2021); ekosistem mangrove Benoa, Bali (Wahyudi et al, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Mertasari (Indraswari et al, 2017), dan ekosistem mangrove Pantai Panjang Bengkulu (Hasan, 2015). Spesies U.lactea ditemukan di Tanjung Tiram Teluk Ambon (Siahainenia, 2021), perairan pantai Jailolo, Halmahera (Baksir et al, 2022;Akbar et al, 2021); ekosistem mangrove Benoa, Bali (Wahyudi et al, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Pantai Panjang Bengkulu (Hasan, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Trenggalek, Jawa Timur (Sawitri et al, 2019), dan ekosistem mangrove delta Mahakam, Kalimantan.…”

“…Dalam beberapa penelitian sebelumnya di Indonesia, spesies U. perplexa ditemukan di beberapa daerah diataranya pada ekosistem mangrove Tanjung Tiram Teluk Ambon (Siahainenia, 2021), Donggala Sulawesi Tengah (Aprilyanto et al, 2017), pantai Jailolo, Halmahera (Baksir et al, 2022;Akbar et al, 2021); ekosistem mangrove Benoa, Bali (Wahyudi et al, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Mertasari (Indraswari et al, 2017), dan ekosistem mangrove Pantai Panjang Bengkulu (Hasan, 2015). Spesies U.lactea ditemukan di Tanjung Tiram Teluk Ambon (Siahainenia, 2021), perairan pantai Jailolo, Halmahera (Baksir et al, 2022;Akbar et al, 2021); ekosistem mangrove Benoa, Bali (Wahyudi et al, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Pantai Panjang Bengkulu (Hasan, 2015), ekosistem mangrove Trenggalek, Jawa Timur (Sawitri et al, 2019), dan ekosistem mangrove delta Mahakam, Kalimantan. Sementara spesies U.annulipes ditemukan pada ekosistem mangrove Trenggalek, Jawa Timur (Sawitri et al, 2019), perairan pantai Jailolo, Halmahera (Baksir et al, 2022;Akbar et al, 2021), ekosistem mangrove Monta, Bima (Saidah et al, 2021) ekosistem mangrove Benoa, Bali (Wahyudi et al, 2015), dan ekosistem mangrove Trenggalek, Jawa Timur (Sawitri et al, 2019).…”

“…Tingkah laku menggali liang bioturbasi untuk tujuan berlindung, bereproduksi dan mencari makan, memungkinkan berlangsungnya sirkulasi bahan organik dari lapisan bawah ke atas sehingga mencegah akumulasi mineral di dalam substrat (Akbar et al, 2021). Dengan demikian kehadirannya mereduksi pembentukan phytotoxin seperti H2S, dan menjaga kestabilan unsur hara dan air pada substrat, serta memperbaiki kondisi anaerob substrat (Siahainenia, 2021). Kondisi demikian mendukung pertumbuhan vegetasi mangrove.…”

Bioconcentration of Plumbum (Lead) and Cadmium on mangrove crab Scylla spp. in mangrove ecosystem Passo Ambon Indonesia

“…Various activities such as the construction of residential areas, business centers, restaurants, ports/docks and sea transportation routes, TNI base ports (Navy, POLAIRUD & BAKAMLA), sand mining, agriculture, fishing and aquaculture fisheries, ship repair docks, settlements, waste landfill sites (households, offices, markets, industries, PLN & PLTD waste), as well as the mooring of damaged ships [2] have caused a decrease in water quality, One of them is due to pollution of organic and inorganic matter. The waters of Ambon Bay have been polluted with heavy metals Cd (cadmium), Hg (mercury) and Pb (lead) [3,4,5,6]. These pollutants have the potential to damage the environment including organisms [7].…”