“…It should be emphasized, however, dentofacial deformity and TMJ dysfunction, which are consequences of condylar growth disturbances rather than arthritis-induced condylar damage alone, do not only depend on the course of TMJ arthritis and damage to the growth center, but are also related to a complex of multiple factors impairing craniofacial development [ 6 , 37 ]. These factors include degenerations and deformations, mechanical overloads, dysfunctions and parafunction of the masticatory organ, as well as factors compensating for the abnormal development of the dentofacial complex [ 6 , 35 , 37 ] that TMJ arthritis directly affects through damage to the growth center and inhibition of mandibular growth, including inhibition and hypoplasia of the condylar process. This, in turn, induces TMJ deformation and dysfunction, leading to increased friction in the joint, mechanical stress, and excessive load on joint surfaces.…”