Dental caries and anthropometric measures in a sample of 5‐ to 9‐year‐old children in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Mishu, Masuma Pervin; Tsakos, Georgios; Heilmann, Anja; Watt, Richard G.

doi:10.1111/cdoe.12412

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, Liang et al categorized BMI values according the WHO, IOTF and CDC criteria and found an inverse relation. The use of height‐, weight‐ and BMI‐for‐age z‐scores among Bangladeshi children also showed negative association . Our results are contradictory to those from Bangladesh, even though, the prevalence of pufa + PUFA > 0 among our youngest schoolchildren was similar to Bangladeshi children .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…The use of height‐, weight‐ and BMI‐for‐age z‐scores among Bangladeshi children also showed negative association . Our results are contradictory to those from Bangladesh, even though, the prevalence of pufa + PUFA > 0 among our youngest schoolchildren was similar to Bangladeshi children . The possible pathway of association between the BMI and dental caries remains unclear in this study, regardless of the regression model used.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

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Body mass index and dental caries experience in Nepalese schoolchildren

Karki

Päkkilä

Ryhänen

et al. 2019

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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Objectives:The aim was to investigate the severity of untreated dental caries among Nepalese schoolchildren and its association with their body mass index (BMI) using IOTF, WHO and Nepalese growth reference systems.Methods: This school-based clinical cross-sectional study was conducted with three WHO index age groups (5-to 6-, 12-and 15-year-olds) in 18 out of 75 districts of Nepal, selected using stratified random sampling. A total of 1135 schoolchildren were included in the study. A validated structured questionnaire was used to assess the children's oral hygiene practices and dietary habits. Clinical oral examinations investigated the status of untreated dental caries in primary and permanent teeth (dt/DT) along with its consequences (pufa/PUFA). Later, the grade of severity of untreated dental caries (GUDC) was determined using both dt/DT and pufa/PUFA. Height (cm), weight (kg), waist circumference (cm) and hip circumference (cm) were measured, and the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. The findings were presented as proportions, and the chisquare test was performed to compare differences between groups. Generalized linear mixed models with random effects assessed the association between the severity of untreated dental caries and the BMI.Results: According to the IOTF, WHO and Nepalese growth reference systems, the overall proportions of children with a low BMI were 38.6%, 15.4% and 12.8%, and those with a high BMI were 7.9%, 4.6% and 8.4%, respectively. Untreated dental caries was common among the youngest age group and those with infrequent tooth brushing habits or frequent consumption of sweet bakery products, sweets or candy, or tea with sugar. Neither a low nor a high BMI was associated either with dt + DT or with pufa + PUFA, after adjusting for confounders. However, both a low and a high BMI (all three references) were associated with the severity of dental caries or GUDC. Conclusion:Regardless of the growth reference system used, children with either low or high BMI may be at risk of developing untreated dental caries lesions and related consequences. Both underweight and overweight/obese and dental caries share common risk factors, mostly dietary. Preventive and intervention approaches/ strategies such as behavioural and dietary modifications should be implemented to improve both children's oral health and their nutrition in Nepal. | 347KARKI et Al.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 94%

Body mass index and dental caries experience in Nepalese schoolchildren

Karki

Päkkilä

Ryhänen

et al. 2019

Comm Dent Oral Epid

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“…Our finding of an association between low BMI and dental caries has been observed in both high E.g. Sweden and Kuwait and LMICs such as Bangladesh and Thailand [12][13][14][15] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

A twin study of body mass index and dental caries in childhood

Silva

Kilpatrick

Craig

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Sub-optimal nutrition and dental caries are both common with significant short and long-term implications for child health and development. We applied twin statistical methods to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries. We measured BMI at 18 months and six years of age and cumulative dental caries experience at six years in 344 twin children. Dental caries in primary teeth was categorised into 'any' or 'advanced' and BMi was analysed as both a continuous and categorical variable. Statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression using generalized estimating equations and within/between-pair analyses. there was no association between BMi and 'any' dental caries experience at either time-point, neither overall nor in within/between pair analyses. However, 'advanced' dental caries at six years was associated with a within-pair difference in BMI of −0.55 kg/m 2 (95% CI −1.00, −0.11, p = 0.015). A within-pair increase of 1 kg/m 2 in BMi was associated with a lower within-pair risk of advanced dental caries (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52, 0.90, p = 0.007). These findings reveal a possible causal relationship between lower BMI and dental caries. As dental outcomes were only measured at one time point, the direction of this potentially causal relationship is unclear. Poor nutrition and dental caries are both common with significant short and long-term implications for child health and development 1,2. Understanding how growth and dental caries, a common childhood condition are linked could inform broader risk factor-based preventive strategies, and also facilitate cross-disciplinary and collaborative approaches between public health, dental and medical specialists involved in the care of children 3. Despite a number of systematic reviews, the association between BMI and dental caries remains unclear 4-7. The relationship may be bidirectional, as both altered BMI and dental caries might be perceived be an exposure or an outcome. In addition to common risk factors (such as dietary sugar intake) 3 , there are also several plausible (albeit speculative) biological causal pathways between BMI and dental caries. Additionally, the relationship may be non-linear and depend on the study setting and socioeconomic profile of participants, with higher levels of dental caries reported in both underweight children in low to middle income countries (LMICs) and in obese children in high-income countries 4,6. Observational studies of twins can provide a valuable tool to explore complex relationships such as that between BMI and dental caries, because they remove much of the bias resulting from confounding 8. As twins share genetic variation (100% for MZ twins and 50% for DZ twins) and many (but not all) environmental factors, such confounding variables can be controlled for, even if they are not directly measured. Therefore, demonstrating robust differences in outcomes between exposed and non-exposed twins may suggest consistency with causal relationships 9. Within/between-pair analyses can be undertaken ...

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“…Dental caries is one of the major oral diseases for children, which is caused by dental plaque and is directly related with poor oral hygiene practices. [4][5][6][7]. Unfortunately oral hygiene has mostly remained an ignored and unrealized social problem that has steadily become a huge public health burden [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Hygiene Awareness and Practices among a Sample of Primary School Children in Rural Bangladesh

Bhuiyan¹,

Anwar

et al. 2020

Dentistry Journal

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Inadequate oral health knowledge and awareness is more likely to cause oral diseases among all age groups, including children. Reports about the oral health awareness and oral hygiene practices of children in Bangladesh are insufficient. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the oral health awareness and practices of junior school children in Mathbaria upazila of Pirojpur District, Bangladesh. The study covered 150 children aged 5 to 12 years of age from three primary schools. The study reveals that the students have limited awareness about oral health and poor knowledge of oral hygiene habits. Oral health awareness and hygiene practices amongst the school going children was found to be very poor and create a much-needed niche for implementing school-based oral health awareness and education projects/programs.

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Dental caries and anthropometric measures in a sample of 5‐ to 9‐year‐old children in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract: Dental caries was associated with lower height, weight and BMI among this sample of Bangladeshi children, even after adjusting for age and sex and a number of potential confounders.

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

Body mass index and dental caries experience in Nepalese schoolchildren

Body mass index and dental caries experience in Nepalese schoolchildren

A twin study of body mass index and dental caries in childhood

Oral Hygiene Awareness and Practices among a Sample of Primary School Children in Rural Bangladesh

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