Dental caries, sugar consumption and restorative dental care in12–13‐year‐old children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Akpata, E.S.; Al‐Shammery, Abdullah R.; Saeed, Hassan I.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1992.tb00695.x

Cited by 44 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Many previous studies in Saudi among children have reported decay [dt] as the major component of dmft score. [15][16][17][18] This is a similar finding in the current study in which the [dt] accounted for 68.37% of the dmft score. The proportion of children with active caries was 77.87%, and most of the decayed teeth were unrestored; children with at least one filling (n = 3,234; 18.08%).…”

supporting

confidence: 77%

Prevalence of Dental Caries among Elementary School Girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey

Alshiha¹,

Alwayli²,

Hattan³

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry

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Aim: To assess caries prevalence among 6-to 9-year-old female children in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and compare between results based on nationality and age levels. Materials and methods:A total of 17,891 female students from 120 public female elementary schools in Riyadh city were examined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) diagnostic criteria. The decayed [dt], missing due to caries [mt], and filled [ft] primary teeth (dmft) index and its components were measured. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Student's t-test, and Chi-squared test were used to determine the significance differences, at α = 0.05. Results:The overall mean [dt] for all children was 3.89 [standard deviation (SD) 3.38], which increased to 5.0 (SD 3.02) when excluding children without active caries. The mean dmft was 5.69 (SD 4.0). However, excluding children with dmft = 0, the mean dmft was raised to 6.41 (SD 3.65). The caries prevalence was 88.82%. The non-Saudi children showed slightly higher values compared with Saudi children. However, statistically, there were only significant differences in values of [dt] mean, dt = 0, and [ft] mean (p < 0.05). The dmft index was higher for 7-to 8-year-old group (5.81, SD 3.98) followed by the 8-to 9-year-old group (5.79, SD 3.79) and the 6-to 7-yearold group (5.47, SD 4.18). However, there were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) between 7-to 8-year-old and 8-to 9-year-old children. The 6-to 7-year-old children were statistically different from the 7-to 8 and 8-to 9-year-old children. Conclusion:The dental caries prevalence among the study population was high, with the majority of children having untreated caries. This highlights the need for initiating deliberate community-based preventive measures for improvement in public health education and services provided.

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confidence: 77%

Prevalence of Dental Caries among Elementary School Girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey

Alshiha¹,

Alwayli²,

Hattan³

et al. 2017

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry

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“…Previous analysis showed that the quality of the present consumption data decreased after seven days: the average number of snacks was 21% lower in the second week with respect to the first, probably due to some degree of tiredness of subjects 7 . As performed by other authors 14 , only the first week of the survey was therefore considered in the present investigation.…”

Section: Dietary Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between frequency of carbohydrates intake and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Italian teenagers

Arcella

Ottolenghi

Polimeni

et al. 2002

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To propose an approach for investigation of the relationship between the frequency of carbohydrates intake and dental caries in real-life conditions. Design: The frequency of separate eating events (with the exclusion of lunch and dinner) and their sugars and starch content were assessed on the basis of diaries collected for seven consecutive days. The total number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was assessed through clinical examination. The interrelation between DMFT and frequency of eating events was analysed through Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise forward linear regression analysis. Setting: Italy. Subjects: One hundred and ninety-three students (males and females, mean age 16 years) of a secondary school. Results: Individual DMFT varied between 0 (24% of subjects) and 12, with a mean of 3. Once lunch and dinner were excluded, the mean number of separate eating events was 2.9. A statistically significant relationship was found between DMFT and eating frequency thus defined. Correlations were calculated considering only eating events containing a proportion of sugars or starch higher than different cut-off levels. In a stepwise multiple regression model for DMFT, the frequency of 'high sugars and high starch events' accounted for 8% of the DMFT variance. Overall frequency of separate eating events defined according to their content of both sugars and starch accounted for 18% of the DMFT variance. A stronger correlation was found among males only.Conclusions: The precise characterisation of eating events in terms of their sugars and starch content allows us to explain a consistent percentage of the variability in DMFT. KeywordsCaries Sugars Starch Eating events Pearson correlation coefficient Stepwise linear regression analysis Dental caries has a multifactorial aetiology including diet, genetics, fluoride exposure and behaviour 1 . Dental decay depends directly on plaque bacteria that metabolise fermentable carbohydrates: the acids that are thus formed lead to the demineralisation of teeth. Each meal containing carbohydrates leads to an acid attack. The demineralisation process depends not only on the daily number of acid attacks but also on their duration and intensity, which are related to the quantity, physical status and composition of food. The frequency and typology of snacks consumed out of conventional mealtimes, and in particular the content of sugars and starch, are thus important factors. A recent extensive review of the relationship between diet and dental diseases confirms the importance of the frequency of consumption of sugars in the aetiology of caries: the intake of extrinsic sugars beyond four times a day leads to an increased risk of dental caries 2 . Starches, if added with sugar, are also highly cariogenic 3 . However, in numerous epidemiological studies, the correlation observed between oral health and frequency of sugars intake was very low or null -i.e. the frequency of intake was found to explain only a small proportion of caries variance. T...

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“…AlSekait and Al-Nasser examined a sample of 7040 primary school children from urban and rural schools in Riyadh, revealing a dental caries prevalence of 52% and a Decayed-Missed-Filled-Teeth (DMFT) index score of 2.0 [28]. Akpata and Al-Shammery examined all 12 and 13 year old students in 10 randomly selected Riyadh schools (5 boys' schools and 5 girls' schools) and found that the dental caries prevalence was between 55.5% (for 13-year-old boys) and 73.1% (for 12-year-old girls) [29]. A study was conducted in 1999 to assess the dental caries prevalence among 12-13 year old children in 10 of the 13 administrative regions in Saudi Arabia.…”

Section: Dental Caries In Saudi Arabiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of School Based Oral Health Education Program on the Level of Oral Health Knowledge Among Public Intermediate School Girls at Riyadh, 2016

Alotaibi¹,

Jad²,

Al-Sadhan³

2017

Dentistry

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Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the impact of oral health education program on the level of oral health knowledge among female public intermediate school students in Riyadh. As well as to evaluate the correlation between their oral health knowledge and selected socio-demographic variables. Methods:A pre-posttest quantitative study was conducted at public intermediate girls' schools in Riyadh. A sample of schools was selected using stratified random sampling technique to reflect the spectrum of intermediate schools under the Riyadh's educational regions (north, south, middle, east, and west). Five schools were randomly chosen from the department of education listings in each educational region. A total sample of 315 school students between the ages of 12 and 16 years completed the study. Permission to perform this study was received from the Institutional Review Board of King Saud University and Ministry of Education. A 15-item self-administered questionnaire was designed in Arabic language and used to assess the student's oral health knowledge. Followed by the intervention which consisted of 40 minutes interactive lecture using power point presentation presented by the investigator. The impact of the oral health education program was evaluated by measuring the change in the level of oral health knowledge one month after the program implementation. The data obtained from the questionnaire were entered into a Statistical Package for Social Sciences database (IBM, SPSS version 23, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were used in calculating the frequency and percentage for categorical sociodemographic characteristics.Mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for the continuous variables e.g. age, total score of knowledge. The impact of the program was estimated by calculating the percentage of change in the oral health knowledge which is calculated by 100 (post test score -pretest score)/post test score. McNemar's Chi-square test was used to compare correct / incorrect responses to oral health based questions before and one month after the program implementation. Student t-test and one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied to compare responses to oral health questions in relation to selected socio-demographic variables. A p-value of <0.05 was used to report the statistical significance of results.Results: Three hundred and eighty questionnaires were distributed, out of which three hundred and fifteen were completed giving a response rate of 82.8%. Among the 315 students, 30.8% were first graders, 32.7% second graders, and 36.5% third graders. Nearly 80% of the participants were Saudis and the remaining were non-Saudis. The age range of the participants was 12-16 years with a mean age of 13.98 ± 1.094. Prior to the implementation of the educational program, the question regarding the indication to remove dental plaque and calculus at the dental clinic, received the lowest percentage of correct answers (13.3%). Regarding the knowledge of the number of permanent teeth, only 24.1% of ...

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Dental caries, sugar consumption and restorative dental care in12–13‐year‐old children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Prevalence of Dental Caries among Elementary School Girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey

Prevalence of Dental Caries among Elementary School Girls in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Survey

The relationship between frequency of carbohydrates intake and dental caries: a cross-sectional study in Italian teenagers

The Impact of School Based Oral Health Education Program on the Level of Oral Health Knowledge Among Public Intermediate School Girls at Riyadh, 2016

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