Dental Health and Cognitive Impairment in an English National Survey Population

Stewart, Robert; Hirani, Vasant

doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01298.x

Cited by 75 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several studies with different designs showed that tooth loss was associated with dementia and AD [53]. For example analysis of data coming from "2000 Health Survey for England" showed that loss of teeth was associated with cognitive impairment [119]. Similar results were obtained by Kim that studied the dental health in a Korean population [51].…”

Section: Association Between Periodontal Disease and Progression Of Asupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Clinical studies consistently show an association between tooth loss and AD/dementia [118,119]. In addition to PD, caries (tooth decay) and endodontic com-plications are significant causes of tooth loss and the possibility that these oral infections may contribute to AD pathogenesis cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Association Between Periodontal Disease and Progression Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alzheimer's Disease and Peripheral Infections: The Possible Contribution from Periodontal Infections, Model and Hypothesis

Kamer¹,

Dasanayake²,

Craig³

et al. 2008

JAD

153

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Abstract. Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects approximately 4.5 million people in the U.S. and this number will increase as the population ages and the life-span increases. Therefore, of paramount importance is identifying mechanisms and factors that affect the risk of developing AD. The etiology and pathogenic mechanisms for AD have not been defined, although inflammation within the brain is thought to play a role. Consistent with this hypothesis, studies suggest that peripheral infections contribute to the inflammatory state of the central nervous system. Periodontitis is a prevalent, persistent peripheral infection associated with gram negative, anaerobic bacteria that are capable of exhibiting localized and systemic infections in the host. This review offers a hypothetical link between periodontitis and AD and will present possible mechanistic links between periodontitis related inflammation and AD. It will review the pathogenesis of periodontitis and the mechanisms by which periodontal infections may affect the onset and progression of AD. Since periodontitis is a treatable condition, it may be a readily modifiable risk factor for AD.

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Section: Association Between Periodontal Disease and Progression Of Asupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Association Between Periodontal Disease and Progression Of Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Alzheimer's Disease and Peripheral Infections: The Possible Contribution from Periodontal Infections, Model and Hypothesis

Kamer¹,

Dasanayake²,

Craig³

et al. 2008

JAD

153

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[14] Cognitive impairment was defined on the basis of three or more incorrect responses out of 10. Such a cut-point has been used in previous studies and is a sensitive and specific marker of cognitive impairment [15][16][17]. The AMT is also highly correlated with the MMSE [18].…”

Section: Cognitive Impairmentmentioning

confidence: 97%

Serum Albumin Concentration and Cognitive Impairment

Llewellyn¹

2009

CAR

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Results from clinical samples suggest low serum albumin may be associated with cognitive impairment, though evidence from population-based studies is inconclusive. Participants were 1,752 adults (699 men and 1,053 women) aged 65 years and over from the Health Survey for England 2000, a nationally representative population-based study. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Abbreviated Mental Test Score. The cross-sectional relation of serum albumin quartiles to cognitive impairment was modelled using logistic regression. Two hundred and twelve participants were cognitively impaired (68 men and 144 women). Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for cognitive impairment in the first (2.2-3.8 g/dl), second (3.9-4.0 g/dl), and third (4.1-4.3 g/dl) quartiles of serum albumin compared with the fourth (4.4-5.3 g/dl) were 2.5 (1.3-5.1), 1.7 (0.9-3.5), and 1.5 (0.7-2.9), after adjustment for age, sex, education and additional risk factors for cognitive impairment (p for linear trend = 0.002). A highly similar pattern of associations was observed for men and women. Our data provide new evidence to suggest that low serum albumin is independently associated with increased odds of cognitive impairment in the elderly population.

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“…They not only have a lower number of natural teeth, but also present with a higher prevalence and incidence of caries and with more untreated lesions than their cognitively healthy peers [46][47][48][49][50] . The presence of natural teeth in humans seems related to better cognitive functioning, with several plausible explanations for this correlation have been proposed 51 .…”

Section: Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

Müller

Shimazaki

Kahabuka

et al. 2017

International Dental Journal

119

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Despite progress in dentistry, tooth loss in old age is still a reality, even more so in long-term-care residents. However, recent trends indicate that natural teeth are lost later in life. Functional decline and age-related pathologies have to be considered in oral health care for this vulnerable population. Retaining and restoring teeth and oral function in elders is important. Tooth loss significantly impairs masticatory performance, which cannot be fully restored by prosthodontic means. Hence an unconscious change in food intake occurs, often involving malnutrition and withdrawal from common meals. Poor oral appearance and bad breath may further impede social activities. Although a chewing activity may be beneficial for cognitive function, natural teeth can present a considerable risk for fragile elders, in whom aspiration of biofilm can lead to pneumonia and death. The presence of natural teeth is also correlated with higher life expectancy, but socio-economic confounding factors have to be considered. When evaluating oral health in the elderly population, standards and priorities for reporting oral health outcome measures have to be defined. Anatomical indicators such as the number of natural teeth or the presence of prostheses might be one option for reporting. However, functional indicators such as masticatory performance and patient-centred outcome measures may be more relevant. In conclusion, there is an overwhelming body of evidence that maintaining a healthy natural dentition in old age is beneficial from a structural, functional and psycho-social point of view.

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Dental Health and Cognitive Impairment in an English National Survey Population

Cited by 75 publications

References 25 publications

Alzheimer's Disease and Peripheral Infections: The Possible Contribution from Periodontal Infections, Model and Hypothesis

Alzheimer's Disease and Peripheral Infections: The Possible Contribution from Periodontal Infections, Model and Hypothesis

Serum Albumin Concentration and Cognitive Impairment

Oral health for an ageing population: the importance of a natural dentition in older adults

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