Dental implant procedures in immunosuppressed organ transplant patients: a systematic review

Abstract

During the last decades, the number of immunosuppressed organ transplant patients has increased consistently. Nevertheless, immunosuppression has been discussed as a contraindication for dental implant procedures for many years. Hence, the purpose of this systematic review was to assess the survival rate and outcomes of dental implants after solid organ transplantation. An electronic and manual literature search was conducted up to March 2021. Publications describing dental implants placed in patients after organ transplantation were included without any limitations regarding study design or date of publication. Ten articles met the inclusion criteria, leading to a sample of 93 patients with 249 implants. Implant survival rates were 100% over a mean follow-up of 60 months. In every case, implant surgery was performed under antibiotic coverage. No major medicationrelated complications were reported. Despite the limited amount of evidence in the literature, implant procedures seem to be a safe treatment option in immunosuppressed organ transplant patients. The observance of appropriate treatment protocols including a strict maintenance programme seems to be crucial for the long-term success of such treatments. However, stringent data regarding various influencing factors such as the prevalence of peri-implantitis are still missing.

Influence of Sandblasting Process on Tribological Properties of Titanium Grade 4 in Artificial Saliva for Dentistry Applications

“…Oral diseases affect the quality of life as well as the proper physiology of the oral cavity. Lack of teeth influences chewing disorders, speech problems, and aesthetics [1][2][3]. The solution to these problems is dental implants that supplement single teeth or provide support for permanent denturesbridges and removable dentures.…”

Avoiding implant‐related complications in medically compromised patients with or without unhealthy lifestyle/Elevated oxidative stress

“…Finally, since immune‐suppressed patients are a category to be considered at high risk for postoperative infections, prophylactic antibiotic therapy should always be contemplated. A 5–6 day protocol depending on the type of drug (first choice amoxicillin + clavulanic acid or clindamycin or moxifloxacin in case of allergy), to be started 12–24 h before implant placement, is considered adequate 133 …”

“…A 5-6 day protocol depending on the type of drug (first choice amoxicillin + clavulanic acid or clindamycin or moxifloxacin in case of allergy), to be started 12-24 h before implant placement, is considered adequate. 133 New investigations are certainly necessary to increase the data at our disposal and to highlight the aspects of such a vast and articulated research field.…”

Immunocompromised patients and dental implant

“…Immunosuppression can affect both early and late complications by encouraging peri-implantitis or causing early infection and osseointegration problems. 2 Any non-compulsory surgery requires that the immune system function properly. The immune system's inflammatory response is critical for both identifying infections and coordinating healing processes.…”