Dental manifestations in bariatric patients: review of literature

Abstract

The rate of bariatric surgery has significantly risen in the past decade as an increasing prevalence of extreme obesity can be observed. Although bariatric surgery is an effective therapeutic modality for extreme obesity, it is associated with risk factors affecting also oral health. Based on an overview of the current literature, this paper presents a summary of dental manifestations in bariatric patients. Bariatric surgeries are associated with an increased risk for gastro-esophageal reflux which in turn might account for the higher amount of carious and erosive lesions observed in bariatric patients. As a result, also dentin hypersensitivity might be observed more frequently. The current data indicate that recommended postsurgical meal patterns and gastric reflux might increase the risk for dental lesions, particularly in the presence of other risk factors, such as consumption of sweet-tasting foods and acidic beverages. Further research is needed to evaluate the correlation of bariatric surgery and the development of dental diseases.

Perceived oral health in patients after bariatric surgery using oral health‐related quality of life measures

“…Obesity may contribute to the occurrence of various health conditions such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, and certain cancer forms (Marsicano, Sales‐Peres, Ceneviva, & de Sales‐Peres, ; Vairavamurthy, Cheskin, Kraitchman, Arepally, & Weiss, ; Vinciguerra et al, ) and associates with oral health problems such as dental caries, periodontitis, and hyposalivation (Marsicano, Sales‐Peres, Ceneviva, & de Sales‐Peres, ). Bariatric surgery is considered to be one of the most effective and a safe method to achieve weight loss in adults and may improve systemic conditions (Barbosa et al, ; Costa, Yamaguchi, Santo, Riccioppo, & Pinto‐Junior, ). However, bariatric surgery may also have negative impact on oral health conditions because of an increase in periodontal disease, caries, and dental wear (de Moura‐Grec et al, ; Heling et al, ).…”

“…One potential side effect of bariatric surgery is gastroesophageal reflux disease (Basoglu et al, ). Recurrent high acidic level in the oral cavity is a well‐known risk factor associated with dental caries, tooth erosion, and dental hypersensitivity (Barbosa et al, ; Watanabe et al, ; West et al, ). The diet consumption pattern following bariatric surgery, which may include increasing intake frequency of food and drinks, is also a well‐known potential risk factor for developing dental caries (Jastrzebska‐Mierzynska, Ostrowska, Wasiluk, & Konarzewska‐Duchnowska, ; Mechanick et al, ).…”

Assessment and Management of Oral Health in Obesity

“…Bariatric surgery post-operative adverse effects and required lifestyle changes may put patients at risk of additional or worsening oral health conditions [52][53][54]. In particular, gastric reflux and post-surgical meal patterns are responsible for increased risks of dental erosion, caries, mucosal irritations and dentinal hypersensitivity [52]. Heling reported dentinal hypersensitivity prevalence of 37 % in 113 patients who had undergone bariatric surgery [53].…”

Efeitos comparativos de diferentes géis à base de cranberry e proantocianidina sobre a dentina submetida à erosão: estudo <i>in vitro</i>

“…Na erosão, os fatores intrínsecos estão associados aos ácidos produzidos pelo próprio organismo, por exemplo, em vômitos relacionados à bulimia e anorexia, regurgitação frequente do suco gástrico, regurgitação subclínica devido à gastrite crônica associada ao alcoolismo, vômito crônico durante a gestação, xerostomia, doença do refluxo gastroesofágico (GANDARA;TRUELOVE, 1999;ALI et al, 2002;BARRON et al, 2003;BARBOSA et al, 2009;PREETHA et al, 2015). A xerostomia pode ser provocada por patologias sistêmicas, tais como a diabetes mellitus e a síndrome de Sjögren (GANDARA;TRUELOVE, 1999 SILVERSTONE, 1985).…”

“…Isso causa um desequilíbrio entre íons cálcio, fósforo e flúor em relação à hidroxiapatita e fluorapatita (BARBOSA et al, 2009), favorecendo a dissolução dos prismas de esmalte superficiais sem a formação de uma nova superfície de fluoridroxiapatita, como ocorre no mecanismo de remineralização na cárie dentária (IMFELD, 1996;HONÓRIO et al, 2010aHONÓRIO et al, , 2010b.…”