Dental pathology of the wild Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus): The study of a 20th century Portuguese museum collection

Pires, Ana Elisabete; Caldeira, IS; Petrucci-Fonseca, Francisco; Viegas, Inês; Viegas, Carlos; Bastos-Silveira, Cristiane; Requicha, João Filipe

doi:10.1016/j.vas.2020.100100

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In the wild, Algerian psammodromus [Psammodromus algirus (Linnaeus)] lizards showed a cline of variable telomere length across a latitudinal gradient of their habitat (Burraco et al, 2020). In terms of age-related telomere studies, telomere length has been shown to decline with age in American alligators (Scott et al, 2006;Bae et al, 2021), as well as loggerhead sea turtles (Hatase et al, 2008;Plot et al, 2012). Conversely, telomeres were found to increase in length in tropical water python [Liasis fuscus (Peters)] ( Ujvari & Madsen, 2009) and follow a curvilinear relationship in frilled lizards [Chlamydosaurus kingii (Gray)] with both increases and decreases across their full lifespan (Ujvari et al, 2017).…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological clocks as age estimation markers in animals: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2023

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Various biological attributes associated with individual fitness in animals change predictably over the lifespan of an organism. Therefore, the study of animal ecology and the work of conservationists frequently relies upon the ability to assign animals to functionally relevant age classes to model population fitness. Several approaches have been applied to determining individual age and, while these methods have proved useful, they are not without limitations and often lack standardisation or are only applicable to specific species. For these reasons, scientists have explored the potential use of biological clocks towards creating a universal age‐determination method. Two biological clocks, tooth layer annulation and otolith layering have found universal appeal. Both methods are highly invasive and most appropriate for post‐mortem age‐at‐death estimation. More recently, attributes of cellular ageing previously explored in humans have been adapted to studying ageing in animals for the use of less‐invasive molecular methods for determining age. Here, we review two such methods, assessment of methylation and telomere length, describing (i) what they are, (ii) how they change with age, and providing (iii) a summary and meta‐analysis of studies that have explored their utility in animal age determination. We found that both attributes have been studied across multiple vertebrate classes, however, telomere studies were used before methylation studies and telomere length has been modelled in nearly twice as many studies. Telomere length studies included in the review often related changes to stress responses and illustrated that telomere length is sensitive to environmental and social stressors and, in the absence of repair mechanisms such as telomerase or alternative lengthening modes, lacks the ability to recover. Methylation studies, however, while also detecting sensitivity to stressors and toxins, illustrated the ability to recover from such stresses after a period of accelerated ageing, likely due to constitutive expression or reactivation of repair enzymes such as DNA methyl transferases. We also found that both studied attributes have parentally heritable features, but the mode of inheritance differs among taxa and may relate to heterogamy. Our meta‐analysis included more than 40 species in common for methylation and telomere length, although both analyses included at least 60 age‐estimation models. We found that methylation outperforms telomere length in terms of predictive power evidenced from effect sizes (more than double that observed for telomeres) and smaller prediction intervals. Both methods produced age correlation models using similar sample sizes and were able to classify individuals into young, middle, or old age classes with high accuracy. Our review and meta‐analysis illustrate that both methods are well suited to studying age in animals and do not suffer significantly from variation due to differences in the lifespan of the species, genome size, karyotype, or tissue type but rather that quantitative method, patterns of inheritance, and environmental factors should be the main considerations. Thus, provided that complex factors affecting the measured trait can be accounted for, both methylation and telomere length are promising targets to develop as biomarkers for age determination in animals.

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Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological clocks as age estimation markers in animals: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2023

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“…Pathologies of the teeth and periodontium of wild carnivores have been studied intensively [4,5]. Comprehensive investigations focusing on dental pathologies among members of the Canidae family have been conducted extensively in various European nations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Characterization of Dental and Skull-Bone Pathologies of the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Lithuania

Jurgelėnas

Jasineviciute

Daugnora

2023

Animals

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The present investigation endeavours to discern dental and non-dental pathologies affecting cranial structures of raccoon dogs, while focusing on cases of periodontitis. Furthermore, the study aims to conduct a comparative analysis based on sex and the nature of the pathologies encountered. The number of investigated skulls amounted to 126, including 76 males and 50 females. The predominant pathology identified was hypodontia, which accounted for 26.7% of males and 20% of females. Notably, the majority of hypodontia cases involved the absence of the mandibular third molar. Another noteworthy pathology was various stages of periodontitis, with rates ranging from 21.3% in males to 8% in females. Other pathologies, like tooth fractures and abrasion, were significantly less encountered. Excessive bone formation was relatively abundant and localized in specific areas—the parietal bone and the occipital regions. This tendency was observed in 8% of male cases and 6% of females. We found that the total number of dental and skull-bone pathologies is significantly more common in males than in females (p = 0.003). Additionally, the total number of various cases of periodontitis is more common in males too (p = 0.04).

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Dental health in Roman dogs: A pilot study using standardized examination methods

Schernig-Mráz,

Grauer,

Morgenegg

2023

International Journal of Paleopathology

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Dental pathology of the wild Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus): The study of a 20th century Portuguese museum collection

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Biological clocks as age estimation markers in animals: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Biological clocks as age estimation markers in animals: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Prevalence and Characterization of Dental and Skull-Bone Pathologies of the Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Lithuania

Dental health in Roman dogs: A pilot study using standardized examination methods

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