Dental primer and adhesive containing a new antibacterial quaternary ammonium monomer dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate

Abstract

Objectives The main reason for restoration failure is secondary caries caused by biofilm acids. Replacing the failed restorations accounts for 50–70% of all operative work. The objectives of this study were to incorporate a new quaternary ammonium monomer (dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate, DMADDM) and nanoparticles of silver (NAg) into a primer and an adhesive, and to investigate their effects on antibacterial and dentin bonding properties. Methods Scotchbond Multi-Purpose (SBMP) served as control. DMADDM was synthesized and incorporated with NAg into primer/adhesive. A dental plaque microcosm biofilm model with human saliva was used to investigate metabolic activity, colony-forming units (CFU), and lactic acid. Dentin shear bond strengths were measured. Results Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the new DMADDM were orders of magnitude lower than those of a previous quaternary ammonium dimethacrylate (QADM). Uncured primer with DMADDM had much larger inhibition zones than QADM (p<0.05). Cured primer/adhesive with DMADDM-NAg greatly reduced biofilm metabolic activity (p<0.05). Combining DMADDM with NAg in primer/adhesive resulted in less CFU than DMADDM alone (p<0.05). Lactic acid production by biofilms was reduced by 20-fold via DMADDM-NAg, compared to control. Incorporation of DMADDM and NAg into primer/adhesive did not adversely affect dentin bond strength. Conclusions A new antibacterial monomer DMADDM was synthesized and incorporated into primer/adhesive for the first time. The bonding agents are promising to combat residual bacteria in tooth cavity and invading bacteria at tooth-restoration margins to inhibit caries. DMADDM and NAg are promising for use into a wide range of dental adhesive systems and restoratives.

Triazine Compound as Copolymerized Antibacterial Agent in Adhesive Resins

“…The current trend involves the use of antibacterial monomers to create a more stable resin and long-lasting marginal sealing (19). The present study developed an experimental adhesive resin with three concentrations of 1,3,5-triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine.…”

Quaternary ammonium compounds in dental restorative materials

“…Moreover, DMADDM did not increase the cytotoxicity of SBMP adhesive system and without compromising the dentin bond strength. And then, they also incorporated DMADDM and NAg into above adhesive system for the first time, and got excellent antimicrobial property without compromising the dentin bond strength 12) . Similarly, Sabatini et al [55][56][57] performed a study that incorporating of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) to an adhesive system which could protect hybrid layer, inhibit endogenous dentin proteolytic activity, reduce the degradation of collagen, and improve the bond strength.…”

“…These monomers had two aliphatic C=C in their molecular structures, and it was likely that more antimicrobial monomers could be incorporated into resin matrix when polymerized with resin matrix, and antimicrobial activities of materials incorporating these monomers would be greatly improved. Antonucci 11) and Cheng et al 12) have successfully synthesized two crosslinking antimicrobial monomers with two polymerizable groups by Menschutkin reaction 13) , and their polymerization performance were also greatly improved.…”

Evaluation of Novel Anticaries Adhesive in a Secondary Caries Animal Model

“…Efforts have been made to develop antibacterial dental materials to combat bacteria and secondary caries. Several bioactive agents have been synthesized and incorporated into dental materials [Cheng et al, , 2013Huang et al, 2012;Shi et al, 2012], including various quaternary ammonium monomers (QAMs) that demonstrate favorable antibacterial properties.…”