Dental resins used in 3D printing technologies release ovo-toxic leachates

Rogers, Hunter B.; Zhou, Luhan T.; Kusuhara, Atsuko; Zaniker, Emily; Shafaie, Saman; Owen, Benjamin C.; Duncan, Francesca E.; Woodruff, Teresa K.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129003

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Of the 14 studies included in the qualitative analysis, one was a clinical study (RCT), one was an in vivo model, and the remaining 12 were in vitro studies. To assess cytotoxicity in vitro studies, those using cell lines, cell cultures, or a chemical analysis of extracts were included [ 10 , 11 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. This evaluation was carried out through several assays, namely, the MTT assay, XTT assay, morphology, mass spectroscopy, gas chromatography, among others.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As recently as 2020, concerns about the toxicity of clear aligners rose depending on their fabrication method. Studies revealed that the plastics used in clear aligner systems might have adverse effects on the activity and viability of the gingival cells and severe reproductive toxicity in an in vitro environment, highlighting potential future risks of their use in humans [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These phenomena can lead to changes in the cell cycle and eventually cell death by apoptosis [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Rogers et al [ 11 ] reported severe reproductive toxicity after exposing murine oocytes to the materials used in clear aligner manufacturing regardless of their ISO-certification of biocompatibility or marketing ploys. On the opposite side, Eliades et al [ 10 ] found no cytotoxicity from aligners (Invisalign) after soaking them in a saline solution for two months in a glass container set at 37 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Biological Effects of 3D Resins Used in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Three-dimensional (3D) resin medical-dental devices have been increasingly used in recent years after the emergence of digital technologies. In Orthodontics, therapies with aligners have gained popularity, mainly due to the aggressive promotion policies developed by the industry. However, their systemic effects are largely unknown, with few studies evaluating the systemic toxicity of these materials. The release of bisphenol A and other residual monomers have cytotoxic, genotoxic, and estrogenic effects. This systematic review aims to analyze the release of toxic substances from 3D resins used in Orthodontics and their toxic systemic effects systematically. The PICO question asked was, “Does the use of 3D resins in orthodontic devices induce cytotoxic effects or changes in estrogen levels?”. The search was carried out in several databases and according to PRISMA guidelines. In vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies were included. The in vitro studies’ risk of bias was assessed using the guidelines for the reporting of pre-clinical studies on dental materials by Faggion Jr. For the in vivo studies, the SYRCLE risk of bias tool was used, and for the clinical studies, the Cochrane tool. A total of 400 articles retrieved from the databases were initially scrutinized. Fourteen articles were included for qualitative analysis. The risk of bias was considered medium to high. Cytotoxic effects or estrogen levels cannot be confirmed based on the limited preliminary evidence given by in vitro studies. Evidence of the release of bisphenol A and other monomers from 3D resin devices, either in vitro or clinical studies, remains ambiguous. The few robust results in the current literature demonstrate the absolute need for further studies, especially given the possible implications for the young patient’s fertility, which constitutes one of the largest groups of patients using these orthodontic devices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Biological Effects of 3D Resins Used in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…While this was beyond the scope of our bench testing, the 3D printed materials for the swabs used in these studies have been shown to be biocompatible by their manufacturers for this ex vivo application; however, the context for biocompatibility matters and use of these materials under different conditions (e.g., in vivo long-term exposure) requires further study. 19 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of three-dimensional printed nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 testing

et al. 2021

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At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the US faced nationwide shortages of nasopharyngeal swabs due to both overwhelmed supply chains and an increase in demand. To address this shortfall, multiple 3D printed swabs were ultimately produced and sold for COVID-19 testing. In this work, we present a framework for mechanical and functional bench-testing of nasopharyngeal swabs using standard and widely available material testing equipment. Using this framework, we offer a comprehensive, quantitative comparison of the 3D printed swabs to benchmark their performance against traditional flocked swabs. The test protocols were designed to emulate the clinical use of the nasopharyngeal swabs and to evaluate potential failure modes. Overall, the 3D printed swabs performed comparably to, or outperformed, the traditional swabs in all mechanical tests. While traditional swabs outperformed some of the new 3D printed swabs in terms of sample uptake and retention, similar amounts of RNA were recovered from both 3D printed and traditional swabs. Graphic abstract

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“…26 In addition, the biocompatibility of all platform materials should be assessed for potential biotoxicity. 121…”

Section: Mps Platform Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microphysiological systems: What it takes for community adoption

Hargrove-Grimes

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2021

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Microphysiological systems (MPS) are promising in vitro tools which could substantially improve the drug development process, particularly for underserved patient populations such as those with rare diseases, neural disorders, and diseases impacting pediatric populations. Currently, one of the major goals of the National Institutes of Health MPS program, led by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), is to demonstrate the utility of this emerging technology and help support the path to community adoption. However, community adoption of MPS technology has been hindered by a variety of factors including biological and technological challenges in device creation, issues with validation and standardization of MPS technology, and potential complications related to commercialization. In this brief Minireview, we offer an NCATS perspective on what current barriers exist to MPS adoption and provide an outlook on the future path to adoption of these in vitro tools.

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Dental resins used in 3D printing technologies release ovo-toxic leachates

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

The Biological Effects of 3D Resins Used in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review

The Biological Effects of 3D Resins Used in Orthodontics: A Systematic Review

Performance of three-dimensional printed nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 testing

Microphysiological systems: What it takes for community adoption

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