Dental Treatment Approach in Two Patients with Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Case Report

Abstract

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a very common, inherited autosomal dominant disease. It is characterized by deformity and fragility in bone structure, blue sclera, hearing loss, scoliosis, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Molecular studies have shown that the cause of OI is a mutation of genes named COLIA1 and COLIA2 in both chains of collagen. Biochemical tests that examine the collagen structure or molecular tests that examine the DNA structure are used for making a definite diagnosis of the disease. It is reported that the prevalence of OI is between 1: 5000 and 1: 20000 in newborns, regardless of ethnic and racial discrimination. In addition to hard tissue involvement, tissues commonly contain collagen such as tendons, ligaments, skin, sclera, dental tissue, the middle and inner ear may be affected. Common dental anomalies in patients are dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) and malocclusion. This case report evaluated two male patients, 18 and 19 years old, with abnormalities in the mouth, teeth, and body tissues. The dental treatment of the patients was completed by applying resin-based composite restorations to affected hard dental tissues with a minimally invasive treatment approach.