Deodorized Garlic Decreases Oxidative Stress Caused by Lipopolysaccharide in Rat Heart through Hydrogen Sulfide: Preliminary Findings

Abstract

Deodorized garlic (DG) may favor the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and promote the synthesis of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The objective was to test if DG favors an increase in H2S and if it decreases the oxidative stress caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rat hearts. A total of 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 control (C), Group 2 LPS, Group 3 DG, and Group 4 LPS plus DG. The cardiac mechanical performance (CMP), coronary vascular resistance (CVR), and oxidative stress markers, such as total antioxidant capacity (TAC), glutathione (GSH), selenium (Se), lipid peroxidation (LPO), thiols, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and the activities and expressions of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), cystathionine synthetase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), iNOS, and eNOS-p, were analyzed in the heart. Infarct zones in the cardiac tissue were present (p = 0.01). The CMP and CVR decreased and increased (p ≤ 0.05), TAC, GSH, H2S, NO, thiols, and GST activity (p ≤ 0.01) decreased, and LPO and iNOS increased (p ≤ 0.05). The activities and expressions of TrxR, GPx, eNOS-p, CTH, and CBS (p ≤ 0.05) decreased with the LPS treatment; however, DG normalized this effect. DG treatment decreases heart damage caused by LPS through the cross-talk between the H2S and NO systems.

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“…A decrease in the concentration of endogenous H 2 S may be associated with the inhibitory effect of LPS on the activity of cystathionine β-synthase [30]. This can be considered a negative phenomenon, since the increase in the activity of this enzyme under the conditions of exposure to LPS can suppress the intensity of the inflammatory process [31].…”

Garlic prevents the oxidizing and inflammatory effects of sepsis induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide at the systemic and aortic level in the rat. Role of trpv1

“…The tablets are added with 600 μg of sodium, 750 mg of fat, 20 g of carbohydrates and 0 g of protein. The solution was changed every 12 h for 1 month [ 7 ].…”

“…Additionally, they found that S-allyl-L-cysteine has an inhibitory effect on IL-1β in macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) [ 5 , 6 ]. In a recent work [ 7 ] we found that, garlic generated important antioxidant and cardioprotective effects which are attributed mainly to the action of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S).…”

N-Acetyl Cysteine Restores the Diminished Activity of the Antioxidant Enzymatic System Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Preliminary Findings

“…The TrxR activity was determined using 50 µL of serum according to the method described by Pérez Torres et al [54]. The sample was incubated and monitored at 412 nm for 6 min at 37 • C. To evaluate the GPx, GST, and GR activities, 50 µL of serum was used as was previously described [54]. The samples were incubated and monitored at 340 nm for 6 min at 37 • C.…”