Dependence of soiling and soil release of easy care cotton on factors‐controlling the finishing treatment

Ibrahim, N. A.; Hebeish, A.

doi:10.1002/apmc.1985.051300109

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is evident that inclusion of the silicone softener in the finishing formulation brings about: (1) a remarkable improve in softeness degree of the finished fabrics along with a noticeable increase in tear strength retention; (2) an improvement in the bound nitrogen, resiliency, DP rating, as well as dye reseptivity; and (3) a decrease in the carboxyl content, soil release rating, as well as whiteness indices, regardless of the used softener. This could be discussed in terms of (1) coating and/or encapsulating the cellulosic fibers with a softener film thereby enhancing the softness degree; (2) reduction of interyarn friction along with formation of interfiber and interyarn bonds thereby improving fabric resiliency and its smooth drying properties; (3) facilitating the fiber slippage as well as improving the fiber/yarn mobility within the fabric structure thereby increasing tear strength retention; (4) interaction with active ingredients in the finishing formulation, fixation onto, as well as modification of the crosslinked cellulose structure thereby increasing the bound nitrogen, decreasing the number of carboxyl groups, enhancing dye receptivity, as well as hindering and/or minimizing the soil release; and (5) thermal oxidation of the used softeners during the curing step thereby causing fabric discoloration and whiteness minimization 36–40. Changes in the values of the aforementioned performance properties upon using different softeners would be expected to rely on:33, 41–44 (1) chemical nature and molecular structure of the softener; (2) softener form, for example, elastomer, microemulsion, etc; (3) reactivity and affinity for the used substrate; (4) mode and extent of reaction and/or interaction among other ingredients as well as cellulose structure; (5) location and extent of distribution; and (6) tendency to entrap the dye molecules and retard the release of the soil particles.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco‐friendly durable press finishing of cellulose‐containing fabrics

Ibrahim

Abo‐Shosha

El-Nagdy

et al. 2002

J of Applied Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To impart easy-care properties to cellulose-containing fabrics along with avoiding any harmful effects of formaldehyde on both the health and the environment, attempts have been made to use citric acid (CA) as an ester crosslinking agent along with different catalytic systems in the absence and presence of certain additives. Further, fixation conditions, type of crosslinking agent, as well as type of substrate have been studied. Results revealed that the enhancement in carboxyl content, performance properties, and the decrease in tear strength (TS) as well as in whiteness indices (WI) of the finished fabric samples were increased by increasing CA concentration up to 80 g/L and by raising thermofixation temperature from 140 up to 180°C for 90 s. Inclusion of triethanolamine hydrochloride (TEA. HCl), decreased the carboxyl content, TS, color strength K/S, as well as oily stain release rating (SRR) of the finished fabric samples along with an increase in bound nitrogen (%N), wrinkle recovery angle WRA, and an improvement in WI without affecting the durable press rating (DP). Within the range examined (0-30 g/L), increasing PEG-600 concentration improved the wet resiliency, TS, as well as WI properties of the finished samples. Increasing DMDHEU ratio in the CA/DMDHEU crosslinking system gave rise to an increase in %N, WRA (dry and wet), DP, as well as in free CH 2 O of finished fabrics, along with a slight improvement in WI values. On the other hand, the TS, carboxyl content, K/S, SRR values of the finished fabric samples were lower at a higher DMDHEU ratio. Increase in carboxyl content, %N, WRA (dry and wet), DP and SRR, as well as extent of post dyeing (K/S) of the treated fabric samples upon using different ester crosslinking agents followed the descending order: citric acid Ͼ pyromellitic dianhydride. The opposite holds true for the TS, and WI values. Among the esterifying catalysts used, and for a given set of finishing conditions, NaH 2 PO 2 ⅐ H 2 O proved to be the most effective one, and the following order of effectiveness may be drawn: NaH 2 PO 2 ⅐ H 2 O Ͼ K 2 HPO 4 Ͼ Na 3 -citrate Ͼ Na 2 -tartrate. Inclusion of silicone softener in the finishing formulation brought about an improvement in softeness degree, WRA, %N, DP, TS as well as K/S values along with a decrease in carboxyl content, SRR, and WI values of the treated fabric samples, regardless of the used silicone softener.The performance properties of the finished fabric samples were determined by the type and nature of the substrate.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%