Depigmenting Agents

Galappatthy, Priyadarshani; Rathnayake, Deepani

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70419-7_18

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…The risks of side effects such as hypo- or hyperpigmentation (PIH) specially in dark skins phototypes is also high with these procedures. Alternatively, less invasive and costly than physical modalities, topical or oral treatments , combining depigmenting agents with different modes of action may be useful [ 322 , 323 , 324 ]. They may contain different molecules acting at different level of melanogenesis: (1) inhibitors of tyrosinase (e.g., hydroquinone, mequinol, rucinol, arbutin, kojic acid, azelaic acid or natural extracts such as pomegranate extract rich in ellagic acid); (2) inhibitors of tyrosinase maturation (e.g., N-acetyl glucosamine); (3) inhibitors of melanosome transfer (e.g., niacinamide, soybeans, lectins).…”

Section: Mid- and Long-term Consequences Of Uv Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact

Bino

Duval

Bernerd

2018

IJMS

194

138

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Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin pigmentation diversity with a focus on the most recent data on the genetic basis of skin pigmentation, and the various methodologies for skin color assessment. Then, melanocyte activity and amount, type and distribution of melanins, which are the main drivers for skin pigmentation, are described. Paracrine regulators of melanocyte microenvironment are also discussed. Skin response to sun exposure is also highly dependent on color diversity. Thus, sensitivity to solar wavelengths is examined in terms of acute effects such as sunburn/erythema or induced-pigmentation but also long-term consequences such as skin cancers, photoageing and pigmentary disorders. More pronounced sun-sensitivity in lighter or darker skin types depending on the detrimental effects and involved wavelengths is reviewed.

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Section: Mid- and Long-term Consequences Of Uv Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact

Bino

Duval

Bernerd

2018

IJMS

194

138

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“…Suppression of MITF correlates with downregulated melanogenesis, reduction of melanin content, and lightened skin tone [ 16 ]. While most of the available depigmenting agents on the market are tyrosinase inhibitors [ 10 , 26 ], sericin hydrolysates prepared by using Alcalase ® exhibit potent anti-melanogenic activity in human melanin-producing cells by acting as human tyrosinase inhibitor ( Figure 4 ) and modulating MITF expression ( Figure 5 a,b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycled Sericin Hydrolysates Modified by Alcalase® Suppress Melanogenesis in Human Melanin-Producing Cells via Modulating MITF

Joyjamras

Netcharoensirisuk

Roytrakul

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Because available depigmenting agents exhibit short efficacy and serious side effects, sericin, a waste protein from the silk industry, was hydrolyzed using Alcalase® to evaluate its anti-melanogenic activity in human melanin-producing cells. Sericin hydrolysates consisted of sericin-related peptides in differing amounts and smaller sizes compared with unhydrolyzed sericin, as respectively demonstrated by peptidomic and SDS-PAGE analysis. The lower half-maximum inhibitory concentration (9.05 ± 0.66 mg/mL) compared with unhydrolyzed sericin indicated a potent effect of sericin hydrolysates on the diminution of melanin content in human melanoma MNT1 cells. Not only inhibiting enzymatic activity but also a downregulated expression level of tyrosinase was evident in MNT1 cells incubated with 20 mg/mL sericin hydrolysates. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed the decreased mRNA level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a tyrosinase transcription factor, which correlated with the reduction of pCREB/CREB, an upstream cascade, as assessed by Western blot analysis in MNT1 cells cultured with 20 mg/mL sericin hydrolysates for 12 h. Interestingly, treatment with sericin hydrolysates for 6–24 h also upregulated pERK, a molecule that triggers MITF degradation, in human melanin-producing cells. These results warrant the recycling of wastewater from the silk industry for further development as a safe and effective treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders.

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“…Suppression of MITF correlates with downregulated melanogenesis, a reduction of melanin content, and lightened skin tone (38). While most of available depigmenting agents on the market are tyrosinase inhibitors (30), (144), sericin hydrolysates prepared by using Alcalase® exhibit potent antimelanogenic activity in human melanin-producing cells by acting as human tyrosinase inhibitor (Figure 23) and modulating MITF expression (Figure 24a and b).…”

Section: Alteration Of Mitf-regulating Proteins In Human Melanin-prod...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant with antimelanogenic activities of sericin hydrolysates optimized by response surface methodology in human melanin-generating mnt-1 cells

Joyjamras

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Sericin, a protein presenting in the wastewater from silk industry, causes water pollution and ecological problem. To increase economic value to this waste product, the optimum enzymatic condition that could create sericin hydrolysates with high antioxidant and antimelanogenic capacities was generated through response surface methodology (RSM). Response surface plots demonstrate the major role of temperature on scavenging capacity of sericin hydrolysates assessed via DPPH, FRAP and ORAC assays. Alcalase?-hydrolyzed sericin consisted of sericin-related peptides in differing amounts and smaller sizes compared with unhydrolyzed sericin, as respectively demonstrated by peptidomic and SDS-PAGE analysis. Pre-incubation with 20 mg/mL sericin hydrolysates digested by Alcalase? at RSM-optimized condition (enzyme/substrate ratio: 1.5, pH: 7.5, temperature: 70?C) exhibited�higher antioxidant activity against 1 mM hydrogen peroxide in human HaCat keratinocytes and melanin-generating MNT-1 cells when compared with 5 mM N-acetyl cysteine. The lower half maximum inhibitory concentration was 9.05 ? 0.66 mg/mL compared with unhydrolyzed sericin (24.54 ? 0.17 mg/mL) indicated�a potent effect of Alcalase?-hydrolyzed sericin on inhibiting melanin production in MNT-1 cells. Not only inhibiting enzymatic activity but also downregulated expression of tyrosinase was evident in MNT-1 cells incubated with 20 mg/mL sericin hydrolysates. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed the decreased mRNA level of MITF, a tyrosinase transcription factor, which correlated with the reduction of pCREB/CREB, an upstream cascade, as assessed by western blot analysis in MNT-1 cells cultured with 20 mg/mL sericin hydrolysates for 12 h. Interestingly, treatment with Alcalase?-hydrolyzed sericin for 6-24 h also upregulated pERK, a molecule that triggers MITF degradation in human melanin-producing cells. The acquired information would facilitate the recycling of waste products from silk industry as an effective antioxidant and antimelanogenic compound.�

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Depigmenting Agents

Cited by 5 publications

References 115 publications

Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact

Clinical and Biological Characterization of Skin Pigmentation Diversity and Its Consequences on UV Impact

Recycled Sericin Hydrolysates Modified by Alcalase® Suppress Melanogenesis in Human Melanin-Producing Cells via Modulating MITF

Antioxidant with antimelanogenic activities of sericin hydrolysates optimized by response surface methodology in human melanin-generating mnt-1 cells

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