Deployment of Wind Turbines in the Built Environment: Risks, Lessons, and Recommended Practices

Fields, Jason; Oteri, Frank; Preus, Robert; Baring-Gould, Ian

doi:10.2172/1260340

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…While benefits of installing urban wind turbines are a well-established fact and have been described by many studies [1,[11][12][13], there is some work that attempts to identify possible shortcomings of urban wind energy. One study in 2016 considered six urban wind installations in the US and found that the actual electricity production of the turbines was much lower than what was predicted by the project developers in all six [14].…”

Section: Current Status Of Urban Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to these factors, which include fluctuations in the wind resource, turbine degradation, and changes in the surrounding urban environment, the actual electricity produced may vary significantly from the results presented in this study and, thus, these results should be seen as an upper limit of typical electricity production for an SWT at these six locations. In projects where verification of the calculated energy production has been carried out, the actual energy production was below the predicted [14,15]. While the exact amount of overestimation of energy production varies from project to project, the authors of [14] set out some guidelines to help reduce the discrepancy between the predicted and actual energy production values.…”

Section: Viability Small-scale Wind Turbine In Cape Townmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urban Wind Resource Assessment: A Case Study on Cape Town

Gough¹,

Lotfi

Castro

et al. 2019

Energies

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As the demand for renewable energy sources energy grows worldwide, small-scale urban wind energy (UWE) has drawn attention as having the potential to significantly contribute to urban electricity demand with environmental and socio-economic benefits. However, there is currently a lack of academic research surrounding realizable UWE potential, especially in the South African context. This study used high-resolution annual wind speed measurements from six locations spanning Cape Town to quantify and analyze the city’s UWE potential. Two-parameter Weibull distributions were constructed for each location, and the annual energy production (AEP) was calculated considering the power curves of four commonly used small-scale wind turbines (SWTs). The two Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) showed higher AEP and capacity factors than Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT) ones. A diurnal analysis showed that, during summer, an SWT generates the majority of its electricity during the day, which resembles the typical South African electricity demand profile. However, during winter, the electricity is mainly generated in the early hours of the morning, which does not coincide with the typical load demand profile. Finally, the calculation of Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) showed that SWT generation is more expensive, given current electricity market conditions and SWT technology. The study provides a detailed, large-scale and complete assessment of UWE resources of Cape Town, South Africa, the first of its kind at the time of this work.

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Section: Current Status Of Urban Wind Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Viability Small-scale Wind Turbine In Cape Townmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Wind Resource Assessment: A Case Study on Cape Town

Gough¹,

Lotfi

Castro

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…Windmills were considered as well, but within urban areas they are less economically viable and less accepted due to noise and aesthetic considerations, as discussed by the NREL [10].…”

Section: Technical Implementationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Windmills are not considered here since their use within urban areas is usually less economically viable and less accepted as shown by the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA) [10]. The use of renewable energies for heating (and cooling), such as geothermal energy, is often restricted in urban areas due to groundwater protection.…”

Section: Background and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, photovoltaic panels on roofs are integrated within the energy supply concept. Windmills are not considered here since their use within urban areas is usually less economically viable and less accepted as shown by the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, USA) [10]. The integration of renewable energies can be coupled with energy storage devices to increase the self-sufficiency of the area.…”

Section: Background and Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Residential Energy Supply Concept with Integration of Renewable Energies and Energy Storage

2019

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Renewable energies are gaining importance in urban management and in the planning of new residential and mixed-use areas. Attention is also paid to selfsufficiency, as the public electrical grid is strained through the integration of renewables. Here, an energy supply concept for an urban residential area in the planning phase is discussed to meet both economic and ecologic criteria. Based on the demand, different technical options are analyzed. The integration of renewables is coupled with energy storage to increase the self-sufficiency of the residential area. The economic feasibility of the energy supply concept depends on the requirements to be met as well as the regulatory framework. With the currently available technology and the regulatory framework in place, self-sufficiency and economic feasibility are opposing targets.

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Optimal gust wind energy capture using critical tracking frequency for wind turbines

Chan

2022

Wind Energy

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Gusty wind in urban areas contains significant energy potential that can be harnessed, but the existing wind turbine rotor speed control systems based on continuous wind speed tracking have a noticeable response delay as compared to the duration of the common short gusts, inducing a significant deficit in harnessed excess energy content (EEC) from gusty wind. This work scrutinizes the energy content distribution among the gusty wind components and their differential impacts on the control response to identify factors to improve response timeliness. Cross-correlation spectrum analysis between the wind turbine response and the local wind spectrum was used to identify the critical tracking frequency that can significantly reduce the average response delay of wind turbines in gusty wind conditions while maximizing the gust energy harvesting ability was developed and validated by various timedomain simulation results. Combining the critical tracking frequency with the theoretical estimation of the EEC of a wind turbine, the expected EEC harnessing ability of a wind turbine can be estimated before installation. For the sample Savonius wind turbine in this work, the response delay of the wind turbine was shortened by 65%, leading to 25% more harnessed EEC from gusty wind.

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Deployment of Wind Turbines in the Built Environment: Risks, Lessons, and Recommended Practices

Cited by 32 publications

References 1 publication

Urban Wind Resource Assessment: A Case Study on Cape Town

Urban Wind Resource Assessment: A Case Study on Cape Town

Residential Energy Supply Concept with Integration of Renewable Energies and Energy Storage

Optimal gust wind energy capture using critical tracking frequency for wind turbines

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