Deposition and some properties of nanocrystalline WC and nanocomposite WC/a-C:H coatings

Czyżniewski, A.

doi:10.1016/s0040-6090(03)00324-9

Cited by 101 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The H/E ratio of the a-C:H:W coatings is in the range of 0.084 (V05) to 0.112 (V24), and the average value of all a-C:H:W variants is H/E = 0.096 ± 0.008. Despite the additional WC, which is presumably present in the form of nanoparticles [12,[14][15][16], this is rather close to the relationship H/E ≈ 0.1 that is commonly assumed for pure amorphous carbon coatings if no precise value is known [32]. In contrast, with H/E = 0.070, the WC coating has a notably lower ratio of hardness to Young's modulus.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 75%

Empirical-Statistical Study on the Relationship between Deposition Parameters, Process Variables, Deposition Rate and Mechanical Properties of a-C:H:W Coatings

et al. 2014

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Tungsten-modified hydrogenated amorphous carbon coatings (a-C:H:W) were deposited on high speed steel by reactive magnetron sputtering of a tungsten carbide target in an argon-ethine atmosphere. The deposition parameters, sputtering power, bias voltage, argon and ethine flow rate, were varied according to a central composite design comprising 25 different parameter combinations. For comparison, a tungsten carbide coating was deposited, as well. During coating deposition, the process variables, total pressure, sputtering voltage and bias current, were measured as process characteristics. The thickness of the deposited coatings was determined using the crater grinding method, and the deposition rate was calculated. Young's modulus E and indentation hardness H IT were characterized by means of nanoindentation. With E = 80 − 253 GPa and H IT = 7.8 − 22.0 GPa, the mechanical properties were found to vary strongly in between different a-C:H:W variants. Using statistical methods, it is shown that these properties, as well as the deposition rate significantly depend on all four varied parameters. Despite a very similar influence of the parameters on modulus and hardness, as well as a very strong correlation of both properties, it is pointed out statistically that the H/E ratio, which is an indicator of the wear resistance, can be adapted in a targeted way and with some degree of independence.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 75%

Empirical-Statistical Study on the Relationship between Deposition Parameters, Process Variables, Deposition Rate and Mechanical Properties of a-C:H:W Coatings

et al. 2014

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“…Tungsten carbide (WC) is a very attractive refractory material for industrial applications of thin hard layers to steel [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and Al alloys. WC has an excellent combination of properties, such as high hardness, a high Young's modulus, and a low COF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is these characteristics of WC which improve the other properties of materials [13]. WC layers have been deposited using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. Plasma enhanced CVD of tungsten hexacarbonyl has also been used for the deposition of WC/C layers at lower temperatures compared to those used in CVD techniques [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE, BIAS VOLTAGE AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON N₂ AND N₂+SiH₄ DOPED WC/C DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERED LAYERS

Horňák¹

2018

Ceramics - Silikaty

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“…Moreover, the hardness, toughness, friction and wear-resistance of these coatings can be tuned to a certain extent by changing the composition and thereby the microstructure of the coatings. [22][23][24][25][26] Recently, another kind of carbon-based coating involving the doping of weak-carbide-forming (WCF) metal Al, i.e. just bonding weakly or having almost no bonding with carbon, is attracting great attention of the researchers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring microstructure and phase segregation for low friction carbon-based nanocomposite coatings

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2012

J. Mater. Chem.

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Friction has a direct relation with the energy efficiency and environmental cleanliness in all moving mechanical systems. To develop low friction coatings is extremely beneficial for preserving not only our limited energy resources but also the earth's environment. This study proposes a new design for low friction carbon-based nanocomposite coatings by tailoring the microstructure and phase segregation, and thereby it contributes to better controlling the mechanical and tribological properties. Experimental findings and theoretical calculations reveal that high-hardness (18.2 GPa), high-adhesion strength (28 N) as well as low-internal stress (À0.8 GPa) can be achieved by a nanocrystallite/ amorphous microstructure architecture for the nc-WC/a-C(Al) carbon-based nanocomposite coating; in particular low friction ($0.05) can be acquired by creating a strong thermodynamic driving force to promote phase segregation of graphitic carbon from the a-C structure so as to form a low shear strength graphitic tribo-layer on the friction contact surfaces. This design concept is general and has been successfully employed to fabricate a wide class of low friction carbon-based nanocomposite coatings.

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Deposition and some properties of nanocrystalline WC and nanocomposite WC/a-C:H coatings

Cited by 101 publications

References 20 publications

Empirical-Statistical Study on the Relationship between Deposition Parameters, Process Variables, Deposition Rate and Mechanical Properties of a-C:H:W Coatings

Empirical-Statistical Study on the Relationship between Deposition Parameters, Process Variables, Deposition Rate and Mechanical Properties of a-C:H:W Coatings

THE EFFECT OF PRESSURE, BIAS VOLTAGE AND ANNEALING TEMPERATURE ON N₂ AND N₂+SiH₄ DOPED WC/C DC MAGNETRON SPUTTERED LAYERS

Tailoring microstructure and phase segregation for low friction carbon-based nanocomposite coatings

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