Deposition of graded natural muds in the Netherlands

Verbeek, Harmen; Kuijper, C.; Cornelisse, John M.; Winterwerp, Johan C.

doi:10.1029/ce042p0185

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Partheniades (1993) postulates that smaller flocs (1) are the result of higher shear rates, (2) are stronger than larger flocs as a result, and (3) are generally more dense than larger flocs. This conclusion is supported by the field measurements of van Leussen and Cornelisse (1993) and by laboratory measurements in an annular flume by Verbeek et al (1993). According to Lick (1982), R is Figure 6.…”

Section: How Does Settling Flux Vary Between Differentsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Law) of such flocs/aggregates decreases as floc diameter increases, adding another degree of complexity to the factors controlling particle settling, especially in its use to estimate mass settling rate Verbeek et al (1993). presents a contrasting relationship, W s ¼ aC m , however, noting that regarding W s , no unique relation with suspended sediment concentration occurs and that the stress history of SPM needed to be taken into account, implying that the settling particles were influenced by the antecedent conditions of flow that led to the suspension of the particles.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Mass Settling Flux of Suspended Particulate Matter in Venice Lagoon, Italy

Amos

Kassem

Bergamasco

et al. 2021

Journal of Coastal Research

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A multidisciplinary study of the stability of the tidal flats of Venice Lagoon has provided field and laboratory data on the factors influencing the mass settling rates of material in suspension. This work was performed using two in situ benthic flumes (Sea Carousel and Mini Flume) in association with a wide range of physical and biological measurements undertaken during the summer of 1998 and the subsequent winter. Also, controlled experiments on erosion/ sedimentation of prepared beds were carried out using Lab Carousel, a laboratory equivalent of Sea Carousel. Particle size and mass settling rates were found to be largely independent of suspended sediment concentration but strongly controlled by the antecedent bed shear stresses that led to the suspension. Results between the three flume types differed because of differences in the induced stress history created in each case. Comparable results were obtained by normalizing mass settling rate to the mean friction velocity of the flow during settling, i.e. the Rouse parameter Ws UÃ, and by use of the mean dimensionless particle diameter (D * ). Results fell in line with results on carbonate and silica sands of the inlets of the lagoon. The mean particle diameter (d f ) varied in proportion to the applied shear stress and shear rate (G) suggesting that the suspended particles were eroded aggregates not floccules. The effective density of these aggregates was least (~16 kgm À3 ) at the largest sizes (d f . 1 3 10 À4 m) and greatest (~160-1600 kgm À3 ) at the smallest sizes (d f , 1 3 10 À4 m). The lack of an increase in d f at low shear rates suggests that flocculation was not taking place. The mean deposition threshold (all experiments) was 0.68 Pa, which is less than the mean erosion threshold from these sites (0.78 Pa).

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Section: How Does Settling Flux Vary Between Differentsupporting

confidence: 54%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mass Settling Flux of Suspended Particulate Matter in Venice Lagoon, Italy

Amos

Kassem

Bergamasco

et al. 2021

Journal of Coastal Research

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“…Liu (1973), Yamamoto et al (1978), Yamamoto and Takahashi (1985), and Spierenburg (1987) included the effects of porosity of the seabed through a poroelastic description. Verbeek and Cornelisse (1997) applied a poroelastoviscous model. Kaihatu et al (2007) implemented the viscous mud layer model of Ng (2000) in a phase-resolving wave model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SWAN-Mud: Engineering Model for Mud-Induced Wave Damping

et al. 2011

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This paper describes the implementation of a new dispersion relation and energy-dissipation equation obtained from a viscous two-layer model schematization in the state-of-the-art wave forecasting model SWAN to simulate wave damping in coastal areas by fluid mud deposits. This new dispersion relation is derived for a nonviscous, nonhydrostatic upper layer and a viscous, hydrostatic lower layer, covering most conditions encountered in nature. An algorithm is developed for a robust numerical solution of this new implicit dispersion relation through proper starting values in the iteration procedure. The implementation is tested against a series of analytical solutions and three schematic test cases. Next, four dispersion relations published in the literature are evaluated and compared with the new dispersion relation. The solution of the dispersion relations forms a multidimensional space. Comparison of the various model solutions through one-dimensional graphs can therefore become quite misleading, as shown in the discussion of a two-dimensional representation of the solution space, explaining for instance the variation in ambient conditions at which maximum wave damping is to be expected. The various models have been developed for a variety of conditions, such as shallow and deep water and shallow and thick mud layers; the various models agree well in their domain of applicability, but they show significant deviations when used outside their domain. Because the ambient and mud conditions may vary considerable in space and time at a particular site, the use of the new model is advocated because it covers most water depths and fluid mud thicknesses encountered in nature. The strength of the new SWAN-mud model lies in its large-scale applicability, assessing the twodimensional evolution of wave fields in coastal areas. Therefore, the new implementation is evaluated with respect to the behavior of waves on a sloping seabed, representing real-world coasts. In all cases, the new SWAN-mud model behaves satisfactorily; a critical remaining issue, though, is the assessment of the relevant fluid mud parameters.

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