Deposition of inorganic salts from solution on flat substrates by spin-coating: theory, quantification and application to model catalysts

Hardeveld, R.M. van; Gunter, P. L. J.; IJzendoorn, L.J. van; Wieldraaijer, W.; Kuipers, E.W.; Niemantsverdriet, J.W.

doi:10.1016/0169-4332(95)00010-0

Cited by 92 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…According to spin coating theory [12], during spinning due to the centrifugal force most of the PbI 2 solution is ejected from the substrate leaving a thin liquid film of uniform thickness. When the solvent, (dimethylformamide) evaporates from this film, the PbI 2 deposits onto the substrate; the final thickness is achieved by the complete evaporation of the solvent [13]. Both the radial liquid flow and the solvent evaporation rate increase with increase in speed, which in turn decrease the thin film thickness, as observed in the table.…”

Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 59%

Growth and properties of lead iodide thin films by spin coating

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In this study, lead iodide (PbI 2 ) thin films were deposited on glass substrates by spin coating a solution of 0.2 M PbI 2 dissolved in dimethylformamide, varying the deposition time and the spin speed. The thickness of the thin films decreased with increase in spin speed and deposition time, as examined by profilometry measurements. The structure, morphology, optical and electrical properties of the thin films were analysed using various techniques. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that the thin films possessed hexagonal structures. The thin films were grown highly oriented to [001] direction of the hexagonal lattice. Raman peaks detected at 96 and 136 cm −1 were corresponding to the characteristic vibration modes of PbI 2 . The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy detected the presence of Pb and I with core level binding energies corresponding to that in PbI 2 . Atomic force microcopy showed smooth and compact morphology of the thin films. From UV-Vis transmittance and reflectance spectral analysis, the bandgap of the thin films ∼2.3 eV was evaluated. The dark conductivity of the thin films was computed and the value decreased as the deposition time and spin speed increased.

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Section: Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 59%

Growth and properties of lead iodide thin films by spin coating

et al. 2016

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“…13 The ratio of Co/Mo in the applied solution is 1 / 3 . A model describing the spin coating of dilute solutions 14 predicts that eventually a film of solution of 1. The model catalysts are sulfided in a glass tube reactor, with a mixture of 10% H 2 S in H 2 at a flow rate of 60 mL/min, while the catalyst is heated at a rate of 2 K/min to the desired temperature and kept there for half an hour.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Science Model of a Working Cobalt-Promoted Molybdenum Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: Characterization and Reactivity

et al. 1996

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model of a working cobalt-promoted molybdenum sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalyst : characterization and reactivity. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 100(45), 17722-17724. DOI: 10.1021/jp962207dGeneral rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. July 22, 1996; In Final Form: September 17, 1996 X Surface science models of silica-and alumina-supported CoMoS catalysts have been made by impregnating thin SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 films with a solution of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) complexes of cobalt and molybdenum. XPS spectra indicate that the order in which cobalt and molybdenum transfer to the sulfided state is reversed with respect to oxidic Co and Mo systems prepared by conventional methods, implying that NTA complexation retards the sulfidation of cobalt to temperatures where MoS 2 is already formed. Catalytic tests show that the CoMoS model catalysts exhibit activities for thiophene desulfurization and product distributions similar to those of their high surface area counterparts.

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“…After impregnation the sample was calcined in air at 550°C for 2h. The V loading was determined based on the model by Hardeveld et al [24].…”

Section: Catalyst Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of water on the dispersion of vanadia supported on silica SBA-15

Heß

Schlögl

2006

Chemical Physics Letters

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The influence of water on the dispersion of silica SBA-15 supported vanadia model catalysts has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as UV-VIS and Raman spectroscopy. XPS characterization of the V2p 3/2 state reveals the presence of two V 5+ states, which are assigned to vanadia with distinctly different cluster size. Upon dehydration a dramatic change in their intensity ratio is observed as a result of a substantial increase in the vanadia dispersion. It is shown that the observed changes in vanadia dispersion are directly associated with the changes in the molecular structure of the surface vanadia species.

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Deposition of inorganic salts from solution on flat substrates by spin-coating: theory, quantification and application to model catalysts

Cited by 92 publications

References 22 publications

Growth and properties of lead iodide thin films by spin coating

Growth and properties of lead iodide thin films by spin coating

Surface Science Model of a Working Cobalt-Promoted Molybdenum Sulfide Hydrodesulfurization Catalyst: Characterization and Reactivity

The influence of water on the dispersion of vanadia supported on silica SBA-15

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