Deposition of Titanium Coatings from Pyrosols

Schlechten, A. W.; Straumanis, M. E.; Gill, Charles Burroughs

doi:10.1149/1.2430000

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The reaction mechanism of molten salts including Cu or Co is not clear at this moment. However, the mechanism of deposition of a metal, for example Titanium, from a molten salt was investigated [34][35][36]. The phenomena would provide useful information to discuss the incorporation of Cu or Co atoms into the silicide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cu or Co addition on β-FeSi2 growth by molten salt method

Wen

Yamashita

et al. 2012

Journal of Crystal Growth

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cu or Co addition on β-FeSi2 growth by molten salt method

Wen

Yamashita

et al. 2012

Journal of Crystal Growth

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“…It seems, therefore, that the formation of TiL would take place predominantly at the surface of the anode at higher current densities. This TiI~ would tend, however, to be transformed rapidly in presence of KF according to the reaction TiL W 2KF -* TiF~ ~-2KI [3] TiF, (due to reaction [2])…”

Section: May 1959mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, reaction [3] is very exothermic, and furthermore it was found that the reddish-brown color of TiL did not show up at the end of the electrolysis of the KI-KF bath. To prove reaction [3] by way of similitude, TiI, was added to a molten KF bath, and it was observed that the brown color of TiL vanished to form KI as was established by x-ray diffraction analysis; the violet complex of TiF, and KF identified as K3TiF, was also found.…”

Section: May 1959mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrodeposition of Adherent Titanium Coatings on Induction Heated Cathodes in Fused Salts

Fortin

Wurm

Gravel

et al. 1959

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A new electrolytic method for the deposition of adherent coatings of titanium on steel cathodes is described. The procedure involves the use of fused alkali-halide baths composed of eutectic mixtures of lithium, potassium or sodium iodides, bromides, chlorides, and fluorides, with a high-frequency heated cathode and a soluble titanium anode. The bath composed of KI-KF performed best and deposited a very smooth and uniform titanium coating. Conversely, the bath composed of KI-NaI and TiL (2 to 5%) yielded dendritic Ti and is therefore considered more suitable for an electrorefining process. Equipment and operating conditions are described and the microstructure of the coating produced is reported. A series of decomposition voltage curves is included and discussed, and the mechanism of the electrolytic reactions is studied in detail.A complete literature survey of the electrodeposition of titanium from molten salts has been published recently by Steinberg (1). Ti diffusion coatings were obtained by Straumanis, et al. (2, 3) from fused baths containing dispersed Ti crystals or Ti salts. Much remains to be investigated, however, on the deposition of uniform and strongly adherent coatings of Ti.The present work deals with an electroplating method involving the use of an induction-heated cathode and a soluble Ti anode in fused salt baths. The induction-heated cathode acts at the same time as a heating element to maintain the bath in a molten state. In this manner, the cathode is at a temperature appreciably higher than the surroundings. In fact, the anodic zone, far removed from the cathode area, may be kept much colder. This provides, therefore, means to control the rate of solution of the anode as well as volatilization losses and secondary reactions. The skin effect due to induction current creates a maximum temperature zone on the very surface of the cathode, speeding up degassing and facilitating diffusion of the deposited Ti. Furthermore, the electrolysis may be carried out in a Pyrex or transparent quartz cell which makes it convenient to see directly the phenomena taking place.

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“…Electroplating of titanium on base metals in molten salts is desired for some properties, such as improving corrosion resistance, so that many researchers investigated it [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, the practical process of titanium electroplating has not been attained since the mechanism of the electrodeposition of titanium in molten salts is too complicated to control the morphology of the deposits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revaluation of equilibrium quotient between titanium ions and metallic titanium in NaCl–KCl equimolar molten salt

Sekimoto

Nosé

Uda

et al. 2011

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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a b s t r a c tIn this study, the effect of oxide ion on the equilibrium between titanium ions and metallic titanium was investigated in NaCl-KCl equimolar molten salt. The soluble species containing Ti 3+ and O 2− was not confirmed in the molten salt by absorption spectroscopy. The result of XRD for the solidified sample containing Ti 3+ and O 2− implies that O 2− reacts with Ti 3+ and Cl − to form TiOCl(s). The concentration quotient of the equilibrium between titanium ions (Ti 2+ , Ti 3+ ) and metallic Ti, K c , was revaluated at 740 • C as follows:In addition, the solubility product of TiOCl(s) in NaCl-KCl equimolar molten salt, K sp , at 700 • C was determined using the results of absorption spectra, K sp = 1.2 × 10 −2 mol 2 L −2 = 5.1 × 10 −3 mol 2 kg −2 .

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Deposition of Titanium Coatings from Pyrosols

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Effect of Cu or Co addition on β-FeSi2 growth by molten salt method

Effect of Cu or Co addition on β-FeSi2 growth by molten salt method

Electrodeposition of Adherent Titanium Coatings on Induction Heated Cathodes in Fused Salts

Revaluation of equilibrium quotient between titanium ions and metallic titanium in NaCl–KCl equimolar molten salt

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