Hollow materials derived from metal–organic frameworks
(MOFs)
have emerged in the biomedical field due to their unique properties,
and different synthesis methods have been proposed. However, so far,
the large-scale use of hollow MOFs is mostly limited by the timeliness
of synthesis methods. Herein, we propose a new ultrasonic aerosol
flow strategy for the instantaneous synthesis of a Zr-MOF-derived
hollow sphere complex (ZC-HSC) in only one step. Through rapid transient
heating, the coordination between metal salts and organic ligands
occurs along with prompt evaporation of the solvent. The whole process
lasts for only about 21 s, compared with several steps that take hours
or even days for conventional synthesis methods. Based on the ZC-HSC,
we designed a nanodrug with the functions of manipulating the tumor
microenvironment, which can reshape the tumor microenvironment by
improving tumor hypoxia and inflammatory microenvironment and promoting
antiangiogenic therapy. Combined with microwave thermo-chemotherapy,
the nanodrugs effectively treat triple-negative breast cancer (the
tumor cell survival rate was only 34.76 and 31.05% in normoxic and
hypoxic states, respectively, and the tumor inhibition rate reached
87.9% at the animal level), providing a new theoretical basis for
the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. This rapid, one-step,
and continuous ultrasonic aerosol flow strategy has bright prospects
in the synthesis of MOF-derived hollow materials and promotes the
further development of large-scale applications of biological nanomaterials.