Depositional history, source rock quality and thermal maturity of Upper Ordovician - Lower Silurian organic-rich sedimentary rocks in the central part of the Baltic Basin (Lithuania)

Petrographic characteristics of the Ordovician and Silurian deposits in the Baltic Basin (N Poland) and their relevance for unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations

“…The pres ence and mi gra tion of depositional en vi ron ments in the sed i men tary ba sin con du cive to the de po si tion of fine-grained sed i ments en riched in or ganic mat ter was con ditioned by both the tec tonic evo lu tion (e.g., Lazauskiene et al, 2003;Poprawa, 2020) and global cli ma tic and eustatic changes in sea level along with their ef fects on bi o log i cal pro duc tiv ity (Page et al, 2007;Armstrong et al, 2009;Loydell et al, 2009;Podhalañska 2009;Cichon-Pupienis et al, 2020). De po si tion of each shale for ma tion of the lower Pa leo zoic un con ven tional hydro car bon sys tem in Po land -the Piaoenica For ma tion (Furongian-Lower Tremadocian), the Sasino For ma tion (Caradoc), the Jantar For ma tion (Llandovery), the lower part of the Pelplin For ma tion (Mingajny For ma tion, ac cord ing to Poprawa, 2020) -co in cides with ris ing or high global sea level.…”

Lower Paleozoic oil and gas shale in the Baltic-Podlasie-Lublin Basin (central and eastern Europe) – a review

“…4). The lat eral equiv a lents of the Sasino and Jantar for ma tions and the Mingajny shale are re garded as source rocks in the Lith u a nian and Lat vian part of the ba sin (Kanev et al, 1994;KadñnienÅ, 2001;Zdanaviciute and Lazauskiene, 2007;Zdanavi čiñtÅ and La -zauskienÅ, 2009;Sliaupa et al, 2016;Cichon-Pupienis et al, 2020). In the Lublin Pe tro leum Prov ince the po ten tial source rocks com prise Caradoc and Llandovery shales, pres ent in the north ern and/or cen tral part of the prov ince, as well as the lower Wen lock Mingajny shale.…”

“…Apart from con ven tional hy dro car bon plays, the to tal pe troleum sys tem of the Bal tic and Lublin prov inces com prises also an un con ven tional lower Pa leo zoic shale play (e.g., Poprawa and Kiersnowski, 2008;Zdanavi èiñtÅ and LazauskienÅ, 2009;Poprawa, 2010a, b;Gautier et al, 2012;Kiersnowski, 2013;Kiersnowski and Dyrka, 2013;Porêbski et al, 2013;Wójcicki, 2015;Podhalañska et al, 2016;Tari et al, 2016;Papiernik et al, 2017;Cichon-Pupienis et al, 2020). This play is de vel oped in the Cal edo nian foredeep ba sin (Poprawa, 2010a), be ing a typ i cal tec tonic set ting for un con ven tional oil/gas fields -foredeep bas ins ac count for roughly 55% of the global to tal un conven tional oil/gas re sources (Wang et al, 2016).…”

“…How ever, to the north --east of the study area, in west ern Lith u a nia and south west ern Lat via, a car bon ate-dom i nated Up per Or do vi cian sec tion con tains two or ganicrich shale for ma tions of up per Cara docian (lower Katian) age; these are the Fjacka For ma tion and the Mossen For ma tion (Fig. 9C; Kanev et al, 1994;Zdana viciute and Lazau skiene, 2007;Zdanavi čiñtÅ and Lazau skienÅ, 2009;Cichon --Pupienis et al, 2020).…”

Prospective zones of unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian shale formations of the East European Craton marginal zone in Poland

“…The to tal thickness of these for ma tions var ies from 9 to 20 m, TOC con tent is in the range of 0.9 to 10%, T max is >420°C. The source rock fa cies were rec og nized as of kerogen type II (ZdanavièiôtÅ and Bojesen -Koefoed, 1997;Cichon-Pupienis et al, 2020).…”