Dépossession foncière, transition agraire et capacité d’adaptation

Abstract

Depuis le milieu des années 2000, le Nord-Est du Cambodge connaît une transition agraire rapide et radicale impulsée par des entreprises agricoles qui se sont constituées en acquérant et, en partie, en accaparant d’importantes superficies de terres agricoles, et par une forte immigration khmère. Les ménages autochtones, qui se sont vus dépossédés d’une partie de ces terres et ressources naturelles, tentent de réorganiser leurs activités productives, mais sans succès pour la majorité d’entre eux, au prix d’un mode d’exploitation des terres restantes et d’un endettement qui ne semblent pas durables. L’article analyse ces processus marqués par des inégalités économiques et sociales croissantes entre autochtones et Khmers, comme parmi les populations autochtones.

Agricultural and land commercialization – feminist and rights perspectives

“…It also has invited massive commercial logging and fostered the internal migration of Khmer farmers in search of land. Although the 2001 Land Law included a social land concessions clause intended to alleviate rural landlessness and poverty, economic land concessions have led to the more or less violent expulsion of indigenous non-Khmer populations and smallholder farmers with insecure titles, together with a vast loss of access to forests and communal lands (Gironde and Ramirez 2019;Cambodia Human Development Report 2007). Land concessions also have served to enrich political and military elites as the government shored up its power through patronage and built the basis for an increasingly authoritarian regime.…”

Ethnobotanical Knowledge of Local Cassava Varieties and Characteristics Desired by Farmers in Sierra Leone

“…They set ambitious plans for production and processing with the aim of developing exports [3]. With this expansion, cassava has become core to the cropping systems of many small producers and even a pillar of rural livelihood around the globe [4] [5]. It's been produced in most African countries with DRC and Nigeria being the largest producers respectively with an average fresh root consumed per individual up to 334 kg of fresh storage roots, 150 kg of flour and 2 kg of leaves per year [6].…”