Depot-specific gene expression profiles during differentiation and transdifferentiation of bovine muscle satellite cells, and differentiation of preadipocytes

Abstract

We report a systematic study of gene expression during myogenesis and transdifferentiation in four bovine muscle tissues and of adipogenesis in three bovine fat tissues using DNA microarray analysis. One hundred hybridizations were performed and 7245 genes of known and unknown function were identified as being differentially expressed. Supervised hierarchical cluster analysis of gene expression patterns revealed the tissue specificity of genes. A close relationship in global gene expression observed for adipocyte-like cells derived from muscle and adipocytes derived from intramuscular fat suggests a common origin for these cells. The role of transthyretin in myogenesis is a novel finding. Different genes were highly induced during the transdifferentiation of myogenic satellite cells and in the adipogenesis of preadipocytes, indicating the involvement of different molecular mechanisms in these processes. Induction of CD36 and FABP4 expression in adipocyte-like cells and adipocytes may share a common pathway.

Differentiation of bovine satellite cell-derived myoblasts under different culture conditions

“…In this study, different factors influencing myotube formation, e.g., serum type and coating of cell culture ware, were investigated to optimize the differentiation of bovine myoblasts. Up to now, most of the studies employing bovine cell culture models use serum-containing media to induce the differentiation of myoblasts to multinucleated myotubes (Cassar-Malek et al 1999;Kamanga-Sollo et al 2004;Kook et al 2006;Montoya-Flores et al 2011;Ge et al 2012;Lapin et al 2013;Ronning et al 2013;Van Ba and Inho 2013;Lee et al 2014) instead of defined serum-free culture conditions (Muroya et al 2005). Unfortunately, the detailed composition of the serum-free medium used in the study of Muroya et al (2005) was not described.…”

Review: Animal model and the current understanding of molecule dynamics of adipogenesis

“…Skeletal muscle is derived from the mesoderm and is postnatally surrounded by small multipotent myogenic satellite cells (SC) that play an important role in muscle hypertrophy and regeneration (Kook et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2012;Duarte et al, 2014). SC are multipotent cells capable of transdifferentiating into intramuscular adipocytes when exposed to local cellular signaling (Taylor-Jones et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2012;Ryan et al, 2013).…”

“…SC are multipotent cells capable of transdifferentiating into intramuscular adipocytes when exposed to local cellular signaling (Taylor-Jones et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2012;Ryan et al, 2013). Moreover, muscle side population (SP) cells are multipotent stem cells that can participate in myogenesis and muscle regeneration upon transplantation (Penton et al, 2013).…”

“…This might not be totally accountable by the decrease in stem cell activity; myogenic transdifferentiation into adipocytes also play a role in this phenomena. Since MSCs are multipotent, their transdifferentiation into intramuscular adipocytes is feasible, depending on different cellular signaling exposure, thereby leading to greater amounts of IMF (if the adipocytes invade the perimysium) (Taylor-Jones et al, 2002;Singh et al, 2007;Aguiari et al, 2008;Lee et al, 2012). …”

Expressional studies of the aldehyde oxidase (AOX1) gene during myogenic differentiation in C2C12 cells

“…Maintaining a balance between activation, proliferation and differentiation of quiescent MSCs within the muscle requires the involvement of various myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), including several transcription factors such as MYF5, MYOD, MRF4 and myogenin (MYOG), which regulate the expression of target genes during myogensis [7]. In previous functional studies of MSCs, we found several genes that were up-regulated, including the gene encoding aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1), which has no known function in myogenesis [8,9]. AOX1, an enzyme belonging to the molybdoflavoenzyme (MOFEs) family, which require flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and molybdopterin cofactor for their catalytic activity, shows a high degree of conservation throughout the animal kingdom [10].…”