“…They show greater stressed behaviors and appear more irritable (Abrams, Field, Scafidi, & Prodromidis, 1995), and have been rated as less attentive and expressive and more excitable (Lundy, Field, & Pickens, 1996). They also appear to touch and/or explore less, including less mouthing of novel objects at two weeks of age (Hernandez-Reif, Field, DelPino, & Diego, 2000) and less touching and playing with toys at one-year (Hart et al, 1998). Taken together, studies on maternal depression effects suggest that infants of depressed mothers behave and respond differently from infants born to nondepressed mothers and as a result may perceive differently.…”