Depressed nocturnal plasma melatonin levels in drug-free paranoid schizophrenics

Monteleone, Palmiero; Maj, Mario; Fusco, M; Kemali, D.; Reíter, Russel J.

doi:10.1016/0920-9964(92)90077-i

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…There is increased prevalence of obesity in persons with schizophrenia in the absence of treatment with antipsychotic drugs (Mukherjee et al, 1996;Ryan et al, 2003). Decreased nocturnal plasma melatonin concentrations have also been observed in persons with schizophrenia (Monteleone et al, 1992), although the possible role of melatonin in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia-associated weight gain has not, to our knowledge, been investigated. The current results thus suggest that olanzapine treatment may accentuate endocrine and associated metabolic disturbances characteristic of schizophrenia per se.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Increased Visceral Adiposity is Blocked by Melatonin Replacement Therapy in Rats

Raskind

Burke

Crites

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The atypical antipsychotic drug olanzapine increases body weight and visceral adiposity in schizophrenia. In rats, aging-associated increased body weight and visceral adiposity are reversed by administration of the pineal hormone melatonin. We asked if melatonin similarly would reverse olanzapine-induced increased weight and visceral adiposity in rats. Four groups (n ¼ 11/group) of female rats (240-250 g) were treated for 8 weeks with olanzapine, melatonin, olanzapine + melatonin, or vehicle alone in drinking water. Body weight and food and water consumption were determined weekly, locomotor activity at weeks 3 and 6, and nocturnal plasma melatonin concentration at week 7. At week 8, the rats were killed and visceral (perirenal, retroperitoneal, omental, and mesenteric) fat pads dissected and weighed. Olanzapine treatment reduced nocturnal plasma melatonin by 55% (po0.001), which was restored to control levels by olanzapine + melatonin. Body weight increased 18% in rats treated with olanzapine alone, but only 10% with olanzapine + melatonin, 5% with melatonin alone, and 7% with vehicle control. Body weight and visceral fat pad weight increases in rats treated with olanzapine alone were greater than in each of the other three groups (all po0.01), which were not significantly different. These results suggest that olanzapine-induced increases in body weight and visceral adiposity may be at least in part secondary to olanzapine-induced reduction of plasma melatonin levels, and that melatonin may be useful for the management of olanzapine-induced weight gain in humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Increased Visceral Adiposity is Blocked by Melatonin Replacement Therapy in Rats

Raskind

Burke

Crites

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…To our knowledge, there is no data regarding the melatonin secretion in schizophrenic patients depending on different duration of natural daylight. Several studies [22,25,26,66] indicate diminution of melatonin secretion in schizophrenia, which argues in support of the overall increase in the platelet 5-HT levels observed in patients compared to controls. The effect of decreased melatonin production, resulting in premature calcification and enlargement of the pineal gland, has been correlated with the frontal lobe atrophy observed in schizophrenic patients and consequently implicated in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia [24,67,68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Melatonin regulates biological rhythms and levels of biomolecules that exert various peripheral actions, thus affecting many critical processes [13]. Various studies have shown altered melatonin secretion in depression [14][15][16][17][18][19], seasonal affective disorder (SAD) [20][21], schizophrenia [22][23][24][25][26], panic disorder [27], obsessive-compulsive disorder [17,28] and Alzheimer's disease [29], suggesting an interaction of melatonin with the central neurotransmitter systems. Goergen et al (2002) have shown that light-controlled rhythm could be the primary regulator of neuronal proliferation and that previously demonstrated hormonal and activitydriven influences over neurogenesis may be the secondary events in a complex circardian control pathway [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

Ljubičić

Stipčević

Pivac

et al. 2007

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

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“…Our data, reporting a single morning measure ment of plasma melatonin, did not allow us to address this issue. However, it is noteworthy that melatonin secretion has been reported to be altered in schizophrenic patients [19,20], Alternatively, seasonal variations in the metabo lism of cortisol and/or dexamethasone may be indicated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variation in the Dexamethasone Suppression Test: A Longitudinal Study in Chronic Schizophrenics and in Healthy Subjects

Monteleone¹,

Piccolo²,

Martino³

et al. 1994

Neuropsychobiology

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To evaluate seasonal influences on the dexamethasone suppression test (DST), cortisol and melatonin responses to dexamethasone were assessed in drug-treated chronic schizophrenics and in drug-free healthy volunteers in different seasons of the year, according to a longitudinal study design. In schizophrenic patients, there was a greater rate of cortisol non-suppression to DST in February as compared to November and May (χ² = 4.5, p = 0.03) with no significant differences in pre- and post-dexamethasone plasma cortisol levels. In healthy volunteers, in contrast, no seasonal variation in DST results was observed. Moreover, dexamethasone administration did not significantly affect morning plasma melatonin levels in either patients or healthy controls. These findings suggest that seasonality may be of critical importance in evaluating DST results in schizophrenic patients, but not in healthy subjects.

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Depressed nocturnal plasma melatonin levels in drug-free paranoid schizophrenics

Cited by 66 publications

References 33 publications

Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Increased Visceral Adiposity is Blocked by Melatonin Replacement Therapy in Rats

Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Increased Visceral Adiposity is Blocked by Melatonin Replacement Therapy in Rats

The influence of daylight exposure on platelet 5-HT levels in patients with major depression and schizophrenia

Seasonal Variation in the Dexamethasone Suppression Test: A Longitudinal Study in Chronic Schizophrenics and in Healthy Subjects

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