Depression among mothers of autistic spectral disorder children

Abstract

INTRODUCTION Autism is a worldwide disorder 1 defined as severe psychiatric disorder of childhood marked by severe difficulties in communication and forming relationships with other people, in developing language, repetitive, and limited patterns of behaviors and obsessive resistance to small changes in familiar surroundings. 2 These signs all begin in children before the age of 3 years. 3 It affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; however, how this occurs is not well understood. 4 There are three recognized disorders in the autism spectrum (ASDs), first is the autism disorder and the other two are Asperger syndrome and Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS). 5 Prevalence of ASD ABSTRACT Background: This study aimed to evaluate the presence of depression in a group of mothers of ASD children in comparison with a group of mothers of normally developing children and to identify associated factors. Methods: A case control study design, 60 autistic cases diagnosed by DSM-IV-TR criteria (American psychiatric association, 1994 diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4 th edition criteria, text revised) were recruited from Mental health clinic of Children Hospital Taif Region KSA, and private autism center, these cases with their parents were enrolled in the group called (cases). One control subject was matched for each case in the age of mother, sex and age of the patients, they were recruited from well-baby clinic of children hospital. These cases with their mothers were enrolled in the group called (controls). Results: Using short Beck inventory scale depression was significantly more among cases than controls (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.000). Exploring socio-demographic factors while female sex had a significant impact on maternal depression (P =0.022), number of siblings, family income, level of mother education, showed no significant impact on maternal depression (P = 0.72, 0.53, 0.71). Considering factors related to autism, the only significant factor was the mean age of autism child (P = 0.022). In relation to the support factors, while mother knowledge about autism, mother joining a support group had no significant impact on maternal depression (P =0.35, 0.44) the social and financial support for autistic families were both significantly impacting maternal depression (P =0.02, 0.001). Conclusions: Autism is associated with burden and stress for mothers of the affected child. The demands placed by disability contribute to higher overall incidence of depression among mothers. Mothers of ASD children do need psychological interventions. Evaluate the efficacy of support group in local community. Stress on social support to mothers Of ASD children as it had a significant impact on maternal depression.

Stigmatization among parents of autism spectrum disorder children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

“…This finding was in agreement with the study of Al Towairqi et al. [ 28 ], in Taif region, Saudi Arabia, who demonstrated that Saudi mothers caring for ASD child were facing more depression compared to a group of mothers caring for normally developing children. They stressed that Saudi mothers of ASD children must be provided with definite psychological support and social interventions from both the government and private society to reduce the possibility of maternal depression.…”

Psychopathology of the Parents of Autistic Children Based on the Clinical Personality Disorders

“…The Farsi version of MCMI-III has acceptable validity and reliability like the original version. In an Iranian study, the diagnostic validity of Farsi version was reported to be between 0.58 and 0.83 for all the scales of MCMI-III [18]. In the current study, Cronbach's alpha coefficient for reliability of subscales was between 0.68 and 0.86.…”

Propionic Acid Induces Gliosis and Neuro-inflammation through Modulation of PTEN/AKT Pathway in Autism Spectrum Disorder

“…According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), ASD rose from 1 out of 150 children in 2000, 1 in 68 in 2012, to a striking 1 in 59 children in 2018 3 . Currently, Management of ASD is limited to aggressive behavioral therapies focused on increasing independence and reducing major ASD characteristics 4 . Therefore, more research is urgently needed to understand the genetics and possible environmental cofactors, which may play a role in ASD development.…”