Depression and Anxiety Following Psychosis: Associations with Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility

White, Ross; Gumley, Andrew; McTaggart, Jacqueline; Rattrie, Lucy; McConville, Deirdre; Cleare, Seonaid; Mitchell, Gordon

doi:10.1017/s1352465812000239

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Finally, we note that the observed facet was associated with greater distress, a direction of effect consistent with earlier research suggesting this subscale may not capture the quality of noticing one’s experience that is central to mindfulness-based approaches [20]. Future research in the cancer context is needed to expand assessments of psychological flexibility beyond mindfulness to include other processes, such as values exploration and committed action and from this fine-tune potential therapy targets [16]. …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…At its centre is an interaction between psychological content, the present moment and chosen values. Mindfulness is a key and core component that speaks to the cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance that is proposed to contribute to psychological inflexibility [16]. In both laboratory and clinical settings, greater psychological flexibility has been found to be linked to more positive psychological outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of mindfulness in distress and quality of life for men with advanced prostate cancer

et al. 2016

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ObjectiveTo examine the extent to which mindfulness skills influence psychological distress and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in men with metastatic or castration-resistant biochemical progression of prostate cancer.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional survey of 190 men (46 % response; mean age 71 years, SD = 8.7, range 40–91 years) with advanced prostate cancer, assessed psychological and cancer-specific distress, HRQOL. Mindfulness skills were assessed as potential predictors of adjustment outcomes.ResultsOverall, 39 % of men reported high psychological distress. One third had accessed psychological support previously although only 10 % were under current psychological care. One quarter had accessed a prostate cancer support group in the past six months.Higher HRQOL and lower cancer-specific and global psychological distress were related to non-judging of inner experience (p < 0.001).Higher HRQOL and lower psychological distress were related to acting with awareness (p < 0.001). Lower distress was also related to higher non-reactivity to inner experience and a lower level of observing (p < 0.05).ConclusionsMen with advanced prostate cancer are at risk of poor psychological outcomes. Psychological flexibility may be a promising target for interventions to improve adjustment outcomes in this patient group.Clinical Trial RegistryTrial Registration: ACTRN12612000306819

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of mindfulness in distress and quality of life for men with advanced prostate cancer

et al. 2016

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“…Reducing experiential avoidance levels is thought to be important as previous research has shown that higher experiential avoidance is associated with greater delusions (Udachina et al, 2009). Although literature recommends including mindfulness and acceptance training in clinical protocols as it could lead to clini-cal improvement both in psychotic (Chadwick et al, 2005) and post-psychotic (White et al, 2013) symptoms, the field is in need of mediational studies to better evaluate the mechanisms behind therapeutic change.…”

Section: Participantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Experiential exercise: Mindfulness for stress (imagining a stressful situation) with lovingkindness (compassionate wishes for the self ) and sharing experiences None acceptance training in clinical protocols as it could lead to clinical improvement both in psychotic (Chadwick et al, 2005) and post-psychotic (White et al, 2013) symptoms, the field is in need of mediational studies to better evaluate the mechanisms behind therapeutic change. The participant also seemed to have learnt to observe inner experience in an accepting way, refraining from judgments or criticism (Baer et al, 2006), which is congruent and has the same implications as the previously mentioned results.…”

Section: Participantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia: An Exploration of an Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Compassion‐based Group Intervention

Martins

Castilho

Santos

et al. 2017

Australian Psychologist

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Objective: This study aimed to develop and apply a brief (five-session) group-based intervention called Compassionate, Mindful and Accept-ing approach to Psychosis (CMAP) for patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. Methods: The intervention was based on three major approaches: the mindfulness framework adapted for psychosis with the proposed modifications for meditation work, the rationales from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, and What is already known on this topic1 Contextual therapies aim at developing a more flexible response and more useful self-others and self-self relationships rather than eliminating symptoms.2 Acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion-based therapies for psychosis have shown promising results in several outcomes.3 To our knowledge, only one integrated treatment combining CAM exists and found promising results regarding acceptability, self-regulation, and affective symptoms. What this topic adds1 This study aimed at developing a brief and easy to implement intervention based on acceptance, mindfulness, and compassion for schizophrenia.2 Understanding of acceptability in sample of five patients: intervention seemed acceptable with subjective improvement of difficulties and coping.3 Potential benefits of this approach are illustrated through the results of two case studies: improvement in paranoid conviction and acting with awareness.Contextual cognitive behavioural therapy (CCBT; Hayes, Villatte, Levin, & Hildebrandt, 2011) emerged as a response to criticisms of the cognitive behaviour therapy model, where the function, not content per se, of internal events (including thoughts and images) were regarded as key to

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“…Another key coping mechanism and the fourth possible pathway driving the benefits of mindfulness is through increased psychological flexibility (Brown et al, ; Moore & Malinowski, ; White et al, ). Stemming from Acceptance and Commitment Therapy , psychological flexibility includes six subprocesses—acceptance, cognitive defusion, flexible attention to the present, self‐as‐observer, values‐based action, and committed action—more succinctly summarized as behaviour that is open, centred, and engaged (Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda, & Lillis, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the psychological and emotional mechanisms of mindfulness that reduce stress to enhance healthy behaviours

2018

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Engagement in modifiable health behaviours plays a critical role in the development of chronic illnesses. Research suggests that mindfulness facilitates health-enhancing behaviour, yet the influence of mindfulness on different health behaviours and the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. This study investigated a mediation model that explores psychological and emotional coping processes (reappraisal, suppression, and psychological flexibility) as mechanisms connecting mindfulness to reduced stress perceptions and reactions, which then predict physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, and sleep quality. Adults (n = 233) completed self-report measures via Amazon's Mechanical Turk and path modelling was used to test the model for direct, indirect, and total effects. Results revealed that greater mindfulness was indirectly associated with greater engagement in all 3 health behaviours through the proposed mediators, although the association with fruit and vegetable consumption was only trending in significance. Among the coping processes, psychological flexibility emerged as the strongest mechanism in the prediction of stress. Findings suggest that being more mindful may have downstream stress-reductive effects that enhance engagement in healthy behaviour, supporting mindfulness as a potential addition to behavioural health interventions.

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Depression and Anxiety Following Psychosis: Associations with Mindfulness and Psychological Flexibility

Abstract: Although aspects of mindfulness are associated with depression and anxiety following an episode of psychosis, psychological flexibility appears to account for a larger proportion of variance in depression and anxiety scores in this population.

Cited by 30 publications

References 82 publications

The role of mindfulness in distress and quality of life for men with advanced prostate cancer

The role of mindfulness in distress and quality of life for men with advanced prostate cancer

Schizophrenia: An Exploration of an Acceptance, Mindfulness, and Compassion‐based Group Intervention

Examining the psychological and emotional mechanisms of mindfulness that reduce stress to enhance healthy behaviours

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