Depression and Associated Factors among Adult Inpatients at Public Hospitals of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Abstract

Introduction Globally, depression is one of the three leading causes of disease and it will be the second leading cause of world disability by 2030. The prevalence of depression in Sub-Saharan Africa ranges from 15 to 30%. In Ethiopia, depression was found to be the seventh leading cause of disease burden and its prevalence has been increased in hospital compared to community setting because hospital environment itself is stressful. Yet, no study was done in Eastern Ethiopia, where substance use like Khat is very rampant. Objective To assess depression and associated factors among adult inpatients at public hospitals of Harari Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia, from February 01 to 28, 2017. Methodology Hospital based cross-sectional study design was employed on 492 admitted adult patients in Harari region hospitals. Consecutive sampling method was used to include study population. The data were collected by interviewee and analyzed by SPSS version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed. p value of 0.05 or less was considered to be statistically significant. Result A total of 489 patients were interviewed with response rate of 99.4%. Having duration of 1-2 weeks in the hospital [AOR = 2.02, 95% CI: (1.28, 3.19)], being diagnosed with chronic morbidity [AOR = 4.06, 95% CI: (2.23, 7.40)], being users of psychoactive drugs [AOR = 2.24, 95% CI: (1.18, 4.24)], and having been admitted to surgical ward [AOR = 0.50, 95% CI: (0.31, 0.81)] were significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and Recommendation Prevalence of depression among admitted inpatients was high. Therefore, increasing the awareness of benefits of early diagnosis of patients to prevent major form of depression and strengthening the clinical set-up and establishing good referral linkage with mental health institutions was considered to be cost-effective method to reduce its prevalence.

Maginitude and Associated Factors of Depression Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Treatment Follow Up in Chronic Opd at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

“…Our study result also con rmed that those who didn't had social support had found to be more depressed compared to those who responded that they had social support. This study result is higher than study done in public hospitals of eastern Ethiopia [17]. The difference could be the study participants involved in Harar hospitals were those admitted patients in a ward.…”

Mental Distress and Associated Factors Among Hospitalized Medical Surgical Adult Inpatients in Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020. Cross-sectional Study

“…The prevalence of this study was relatively lower than from the studies conducted in Pakistan, Harari Regional State, Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot hospitals and Gondar University hospitals, Ethiopia were 87.9%, 59.7%, 61% and 58.6% respectively (16)(17)(18)(19). This variation might be resulted from making mental health as global prioritizing problems, change in improving policy, service development and management protocol on mental health related problems (20,21) and life style modi cation of patients, change in patient safety with in and after discharge the hospitals, relatively increase mental and psychological counseling and even change in methodological approach might be also the possible difference.…”

“…Regional State hospitals of Ethiopia respectively (13,17,22,24,30,32,34). This outcome might be resulted from inpatients with two or more chronic comorbid disorder might have different physical illness and the self-reporting questionnaire diagnostic tool also included some symptoms of physical illness and patients with comorbid disorder were limited from their daily physical activities; which might result to high report of mental distress (11).…”

<p>Magnitude and Associated Factors of Depression Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Treatment Follow Up in Chronic OPD at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia</p>

“…This study result is higher than a study done in public hospitals of Eastern Ethiopia. 17 The difference could be that the study participants involved in "Harar" hospitals were those admitted patients in a ward.…”