Objective: This study examined the mental health status, need for services, and unmet need of community-dwelling Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander (NHPI) adults.Method: Survey data were collected from 223 NHPI adults of Samoan or Marshallese heritage. Surveys were translated into Samoan and Marshallese using back translation and cultural expert feedback. Participants' severity of depression, anxiety, and alcohol use, plus their perceived need for, and avoidance/delay of, mental health services were obtained. Logistic regressions calculated adjusted odds ratios for past-year: (1) perceived need for services, and (2) avoidance/delay of needed services, controlling for depression, anxiety, and alcohol use.
Results:Participants' screened prevalence of major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and alcohol use disorder was 21%, 12%, and 22% respectively. Over the past year, 35% and 26% of all participants reported needing services and avoiding/delaying needed services, respectively. Urban Samoan and rural Marshallese participants did not significantly vary in mean depression, anxiety, or alcohol use despite demonstrating significant demographic differences. Female gender and greater familiarity/contact with persons with mental illness significantly predicted greater odds for needing services, and avoiding/delaying services.
Conclusion:Community-dwelling NHPI participants reported heavy burden of depression, anxiety, and alcohol use, and high perceived need for services yet low levels of help-seeking. The large unmet need found in the study sample suggests a gap may exist between service need and engagement in U.S. NHPI communities that could be targeted using culturally tailored approaches that promote engagement in care.