Depression and Violence in Adolescence and Young Adults: Findings From Three Longitudinal Cohorts

Abstract

ObjectiveDespite recent research demonstrating associations between violence and depression in adults, links in adolescents are uncertain. This study aims to assess the longitudinal associations between young people’s depression and later violent outcomes.MethodWe used data from three cohorts with different measurements of depression exposures and subsequent violent outcomes. In a Dutch community cohort Research on Adolescent Development And Relationships (RADAR; N = 623) and a population-based British birth cohort Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC; N = 4,030), we examined the longitudinal links between adolescent depressive symptoms and violent behaviors from age 13 to 17 years. In a total Finnish birth cohort (FBC 1987; N = 57,526), we estimated risk of violent convictions in individuals clinically diagnosed with depression from age 15 to 27 years.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up period of 4 years, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of violent behaviors per unit of increase in depressive symptoms was 1.7 (95% CI = 1.2–2.5) in the Dutch RADAR community sample and 1.8 (95% CI = 1.4–2.3) in the British ALSPAC birth cohort. In the FBC 1987 cohort, the aOR of violent convictions was 2.1 (95% CI = 1.7–2.7) among individuals with a depression diagnosis compared with general population controls without depression. All risk estimates were adjusted for family socioeconomic status and previous violence.ConclusionConsistent findings across three longitudinal studies suggest that clinical guidelines should consider recommending risk assessment for violence in young people with depression. The benefits of targeting risk management in subgroups by gender need further investigation.

Depression, violence and cortisol awakening response: a 3-year longitudinal study in adolescents

“…Increasing evidence suggests that depression is also associated with an elevated risk of violent outcomes. The increased risk of violence has been reported in several longitudinal studies (Capaldi and Stoolmiller, 1999; Kofler et al , 2011; Fazel et al , 2015; Yu et al , 2017) including using sibling and twin designs (Fazel et al , 2015). In addition, other designs, including cross-sectional and prevalence studies in selected samples, are consistent with this link (Arseneault et al , 2000; Coid et al , 2006; Fairchild et al , 2008; Ferguson et al , 2009; Piko and Pinczés, 2014).…”

Störung des Sozialverhaltens und Antisoziale Persönlichkeitsstörung - Herausforderungen in der Transition vom Jugend- zum Erwachsenenalter

“…Die Prognose Betroffener mit zusätzlichen komorbiden psychischen Störungen wie Depression oder ADHS ist besonders schlecht, sowohl was die psychische Gesundheit, als auch was die soziale Integration angeht [6]. Gut belegt ist, dass die Schwere der ADHS-Symptomatik sowie ein frühes Auftreten von Symptomen einer CD im Grundschulalter, sowie niedriger IQ und Lese-Rechtschreib-Probleme das Risiko für eine spätere antisoziale Persönlichkeitsstörung erhöhen [7].…”

Caracterización de lesiones de causa externa asociada a violencia en jóvenes entre 14 a 26 años en un Hospital Público de tercer nivel de la ciudad de Cali entre los años 2012 a 2014

“…Un estudio realizado con dos cohortes de diferentes ciudades europeas seguidas durante 4 años, evidenció que sí hay una asociación lineal entre la depresión en personas jóvenes y resultados violentos posteriores, con un aOR de 2,1 (95% IC = 1.7-2.7). 12 Otro estudio en el que se comparó una población de hombres jóvenes chinos con una cohorte del Reino Unido, demostró que la incidencia de la violencia en los Chinos es menor que en los Británicos (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48-0.72, P < 0.001), situación que los autores asociaron con una mayor incidencia de desorden de personalidad antisocial y abuso de sustancias. 13 Así, se tiene en cuenta que los factores siquiátricos y culturales también podrían tener una gran influencia sobre la violencia juvenil, constituyéndose entonces como un sesgo de este estudio, puesto que dentro del registro utilizado para la obtención de datos, no se incluyen información de evaluaciones psiquiátricas.…”