Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among caregivers of young children in rural Lesotho: Associations with food insecurity, household death and parenting stress

Marlow, Marguerite; Skeen, Sarah; Hunt, Xanthe; Sundin, Phillip; Weiss, Robert E.; Mofokeng, Shoeshoe; Makhetha, Moroesi; Cluver, Lucie; Sherr, Lorraine; Tomlinson, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2022.100167

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…For instance, evidence found a relation between caregiver role and incidence of poor mental health and high blood pressure [9,10]. Furthermore, there is a high reported incidence of job and income losses due to the caregiving roles [9,47,48]. Similarly, the current study found self-reported incidence of stress, high blood pressure, loss of job and income, inability for further education, and breakdown of relationships because of the caregiving roles taken by these individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Similarly, the current study found self-reported incidence of stress, high blood pressure, loss of job and income, inability for further education, and breakdown of relationships because of the caregiving roles taken by these individuals. Unfortunately, these socio-economic and psycho-emotional challenges are strong triggers of cerebrovascular accidents [9,10,47,48] which can happen to these caregivers. Therefore, these caregivers would need social, economic and psychological support to deflate the adverse effects of their caregiving roles, to promote their health and quality of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, caregivers were assured of anonymity and confidentiality of information provided. Moreover, all methods were carried out consistent with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki on medical research involving human subjects, the 7th edition [48,51].…”

Section: Supplementary Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Care for the cerebrovascular accident survivors: experiences of family caregivers

Atsu,

Botha,

Segbedzi

et al. 2024

BMC Palliat Care

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Background The role of family caregivers in the management of cerebrovascular accident survivors is invaluable. So far, there is a strong evidence affirming the effectiveness of family support for cerebrovascular accident survivors. Meanwhile, caring for cerebrovascular survivors can be labour and time intensive and pretty stressful for caregivers. The purpose of the study was to examine the lived experiences of family caregivers of cerebrovascular accident survivors in the Ho Municipality in the Volta Region of Ghana. This aims are to establish their caregivers’ knowledge, preparedness, and impact of caregiving on the caregiver, and coping strategies caregivers adopted. Methods Using a four-item (with 14 prompts) interview guide and descriptive phenomenological approach, we gathered and analysed data from 37 family caregivers in the Ho Municipality of Ghana. Results We found that caregivers had limited knowledge about cerebrovascular disease-risk factors and were ill-prepared for their caregiving roles. Additionally, we found limited knowledge about coping strategies among the caregivers. We further report that some caregivers lost close relationships, and their jobs because of the caregiving, they also used fasting and prayer as coping strategies. Conclusions Caregivers suffered broken relationship, loss their jobs and incomes due to their caregiving roles. Moreover, some engaged in fasting and prayers, and alcohol use to cope with the stress associated with caring for the cerebrovascular accident survivors. We discussed the potential implications of our findings on the realisation of the Sustainable Development Goal 3.4. The aim of this goal is to reduce by 75% premature deaths due to cerebrovascular and other non-communicable diseases by 2030.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Care for the cerebrovascular accident survivors: experiences of family caregivers

Atsu,

Botha,

Segbedzi

et al. 2024

BMC Palliat Care

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“…These findings suggest that additional factors may impact this observed relationship, such as social adversities, culturally‐bound gender roles, and paternal mental health conditions [41, 42]. Research remains limited on non‐maternal caregiver mental health and its impact on child development and represents an essential next step for researchers, particularly in communities with shared parenting practices [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of maternal depression and anxiety symptoms and associations with child mental health outcomes in rural Nepal

Dielemans,

Mahat,

Dunn

et al. 2023

Tropical Med Int Health

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ObjectivesThis study describes the prevalence, associated factors and child mental health outcomes related to symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety within 5 years after childbirth in a rural district in Nepal. This association is not well‐understood in rural, community‐based settings in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC).MethodsA sample of 347 women with children under 5 years was recruited in September 2019 for a cross‐sectional study in the rural Saptari district in Nepal. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate the association between maternal depressive or anxiety symptoms and children's experience and impact of emotional and behavioural difficulties.ResultsIn total, 144 women (41.5%) had moderate or severe depression symptoms and 118 (34%) had anxiety symptoms. Mothers with a lower income were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than the highest income group (OR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–3.0). An association existed between maternal depressive symptoms and the impact of emotional or behavioural difficulties in children (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.02–5.84). In contrast, there was no association between maternal anxiety and child outcomes.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the prevalence of probable maternal anxiety and depression symptoms was relatively high in this rural, low‐resourced and community‐based setting in Nepal. Maternal depressive symptoms were associated with the degree of impact on children's mental health post‐infancy, emphasising the importance of improving maternal mental health in the early years of a child's life.

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“…Affected mothers also experience reduced enjoyment and a loss of interest in daily activities, with consequential difficulties in coping with their maternal responsibilities [9]. The sleeping difficulties, diminished concentration, fatigue, changes in appetite, continuous crying, and contemplating self-harm [10,11] significantly compromise the quality of life of the woman, resulting in strained interpersonal relationships. PND has also been associated with risky behavioral tendencies, such as substance abuse [12], which further compromises the ability of the woman to care for her child.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of postnatal depression and associated factors among clinic attendees in Maseru, Lesotho

Mokwena,

Makhozonke

2024

ijirss

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The purpose of the study was to screen for postnatal depression (PND) symptoms among women attending primary health care (PHC) facilities within Maseru City Council in Lesotho. The Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPNDS) was used to screen for PND symptoms in a sample of 393 postnatal mothers, and a quantitative questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data. The Pearson chi-test of association was used to explore associations between socio-demographic variables and EPND scores (p<0.05). The ages of the participants ranged from 17 to 40, with a mean of 27 years. Most were married (n = 310, 78.88%) and unemployed (n = 254, 64.63%), with high school as their highest level of education (n = 272, 69.21%). The majority (n = 312, 79.6%) had between 1 and 2 children. A third of the sample were HIV positive (n = 117, 29.77%). The prevalence of PND symptoms was 43%. Social support, financial support from the partner, relationships with the partner, knowledge of HIV status, and having experienced a severe financial crisis were significantly associated with PND symptoms. On multivariate logistic regression, only financial support from a partner and having experienced a severe financial crisis remained significantly associated with the development of PND (p = 0.05). Risk factors for PND are mostly socio-economic. The high prevalence of PND highlighted the need to integrate routine screening of mothers for PND, which will enable early diagnosis and treatment and thus contribute to the improvement of maternal and child well-being in the country.

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Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among caregivers of young children in rural Lesotho: Associations with food insecurity, household death and parenting stress

Cited by 7 publications

References 71 publications

Care for the cerebrovascular accident survivors: experiences of family caregivers

Care for the cerebrovascular accident survivors: experiences of family caregivers

Prevalence of maternal depression and anxiety symptoms and associations with child mental health outcomes in rural Nepal

The prevalence of postnatal depression and associated factors among clinic attendees in Maseru, Lesotho

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