Depression in adolescence

Thapar, Anita; Collishaw, Stephan; Pine, Daniel S.; Thapar, Anita

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60871-4

Cited by 1,867 publications

(1,649 citation statements)

References 149 publications

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“…5,6 During adolescence, the cumulative risk for the occurrence of a depressive episode rises from 5 to 20%. 3,7 Many factors may explain this increase in the incidence of depression after puberty. Adolescence is a crucial developmental period, with the confluence of biological, psychological, and social changes that can predispose to the occurrence of mental disorders.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, even in adolescents, depression is often less recognized than in adults, possibly due to factors such as fluctuation of symptoms, mood reactivity, and strong irritability. 3 The presentation of depressive symptoms may vary according to age groups. Regarding mood changes, younger children show more temporal variability, making harder to characterize a mood episode.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Suicide, one of the leading causes of death among young people, is associated with depression in at least half of the cases in adolescence. 3 This effect is even more common in the pediatric bipolar population, with twice the number of suicide attempts in comparison with individuals with unipolar depression. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

Rocha

Zeni

Caetano

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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The identification and treatment of mood disorders in children and adolescents has grown over the last decades. Major depression is one of the most common and debilitating disorders worldwide, imposing a massive burden to the youth population. Bipolar disorder is being increasingly recognized as having its roots early in life, and its presentation during childhood and adolescence has been submitted to extensive research. This review aims to highlight clinical aspects of the current knowledge on mood disorders in the pediatric population, presenting updated information on epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, and management strategies. Limitations of available evidence and future directions of research in the field are also discussed.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

Rocha

Zeni

Caetano

et al. 2013

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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“…Both adolescent subthreshold depression and depressive disorder are associated with severe functional impairments (Fröjd et al 2008), elevated rates of substance abuse (Diego et al 2003), increased likelihood of adult depression (Pine et al 1999), and poor physical health (Naicker et al 2013). Another severe consequence of adolescent depression is suicide (Wild et al 2004), with more than half of adolescent suicide victims having a depressive disorder at the time of death (Thapar et al 2012), and subthreshold-depressed adolescents being three times more likely to have suicidal thoughts/ideations than their non-depressed counterparts (Balazs et al 2013). Given these data on the prevalence and consequences of adolescent depression, identifying its etiological mechanisms is critical for developing empiricallybased prevention and intervention programs (Garber 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism Interacts with Maternal Parenting Influencing Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Evidence of Differential Susceptibility Model

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2015

J Youth Adolescence

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Although depressive symptoms are common during adolescence, little research has examined gene-environment interaction on youth depression. This study chose the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene, tested the interaction between a functional polymorphism resulting amino acid substitution of valine (Val) to methionine (Met) in the proBDNF protein at codon 66 (Val66Met), and maternal parenting on youth depressive symptoms in a sample of 780 community adolescents of Chinese Han ethnicity (aged 11-17, M = 13.6, 51.3 % females). Participants reported their depressive symptoms and perceived maternal parenting. Results indicated the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism significantly moderated the influence of maternal warmth-reasoning, but not harshness-hostility, on youth depressive symptoms. Confirmatory model evaluation indicated that the interaction effect involving warmth-reasoning conformed to the differential-susceptibility rather than diathesis-stress model of person-X-environment interaction. Thus, Val carriers experienced less depressive symptoms than Met homozygotes when mothering was more positive but more symptoms when mothering was less positive. The findings provided evidence in support of the differential susceptibility hypothesis of youth depressive symptoms and shed light on the importance of examining the gene-environment interaction from a developmental perspective.

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“…There are currently 2 medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adolescent depression (fluoxetine, escitalopram) as well as 2 types of evidence-based psychotherapy interventions: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). 8 In this issue of JAMA, Richardson et al 9 provide a practical and effective strategy for screening, evaluating, and treating adolescent depression in primary care. The authors completed depression screening among youth aged 13 to 17 years from a large pediatric primary care network.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Practical and Effective Primary Care Intervention for Treating Adolescent Depression

Reeves

Riddle

2014

JAMA

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Adolescent depression is a major pediatric public health concern. Approximately 11% of US adolescents experience an episode of depression by age 18 years. 1 The World Health Organization ranks unipolar depression as the leading cause of "illness and disability" for 10-to 19-year-old youth worldwide, above common physical health problems like anemia and asthma. 2 The effects of depression on overall health are widespread and pervasive because of 3 principal concerns: depression is associated with serious mental health problems (eg, suicidality), 3 physical health problems (eg, obesity), 4 and adolescent high-risk behaviors (eg, substance use). 5 Yet best available data indicate that approximately 40% of adolescent depression goes untreated. 6 The high prevalence of adolescent depression and significant association of depression with other health concerns support the need to integrate depression screening and treatment in pediatric primary care settings. A 2009 American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement emphasized that pediatric primary care clinician (pediatric PCC) mental health competencies should "go beyond managing ADHD [attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder]" to address other conditions including adolescent depression. 7 Pediatric PCCs have evidencebased options for treating depression. There are currently 2 medications approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for adolescent depression (fluoxetine, escitalopram) as well as 2 types of evidence-based psychotherapy interventions: cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). 8 In this issue of JAMA, Richardson et al 9 provide a practical and effective strategy for screening, evaluating, and treating adolescent depression in primary care. The authors completed depression screening among youth aged 13 to 17 years from a large pediatric primary care network. A sample of 101 adolescents with depression were randomized to a 12-month pediatric collaborative care model intervention vs usual care. The collaborative care model included an engagement and psychoeducation component, and parents and adolescents could select psychotherapy, medication, or combined treatment. Master's-level clinicians served as depression care managers to implement treatment and monitor adherence and response. Psychotherapy was provided using a CBT model and psychopharmacology treatment was provided using a protocol to support adequate dosing with evidence-based medication. The primary outcome was a blinded rating of change in depression severity score from baseline to 12 months, and the secondary outcomes included treatment response, remission, and functional impairment.Adolescents who received the collaborative care intervention had significantly greater improvement of depression symptoms compared with the usual care group. By 12 months, approximately 67% of adolescents achieved response and 50% remission in the intervention group compared with only 38% response and 20% remission in the usual care group, even though all youth had access to mental hea...

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Depression in adolescence

Cited by 1,867 publications

References 149 publications

Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

Mood disorders in childhood and adolescence

The BDNF Val66Met Polymorphism Interacts with Maternal Parenting Influencing Adolescent Depressive Symptoms: Evidence of Differential Susceptibility Model

A Practical and Effective Primary Care Intervention for Treating Adolescent Depression

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