Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Controlled Cohort Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Burden of Illness: A Systematic Review of Depression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis

“…With regard to demographics, depression was associated with female sex in two studies, 8,19 whereas three studies failed to detect an association. 7,13,18 In general, other demographic factors, such as age and race, were uniformly not associated with depression. In addition, there were no comorbidities consistently associated with depression.…”

“…1). These studies include a total of 2774 adult patients with CRS, with six studies that used the American Academy of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery criteria, [7][8][9][10][11][12] four studies that used European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps criteria, [13][14][15][16] two studies that used both the American Academy of OtolaryngologyHead and Neck Surgery and the European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps criteria, 17,18 and one study that used physician diagnosis to determine CRS. 19 With regard to depression, there were no studies that used strict Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria.…”

“…The other BDI study used a cutoff of Ն14 to diagnose depression and found a prevalence of 31.0%. 18 Among the nine studies that used validated questionnaires, 9,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] the prevalence of depression ranged from 11.0 to 40.0%. As seen from both the HADS and BDI data, the score used to define depression varied among the studies, and the lower thresholds for defining depression resulted in higher prevalences (Table 1).…”

“…19 With regard to depression, there were no studies that used strict Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition criteria. 20 Nine studies used a validated questionnaire to screen for depression, 9,11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19] and four studies relied on a previous physician diagnosis. 7,8,10,12 There were four studies that used physician-diagnosed depression (n ϭ 631 patients).…”

Inverted Papilloma: The Stubbornly Persistent Tumor of the Sinonasal Cavity

“…Gregurić et al 4 review the differences of the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 scores versus visual outcomes scales when comparing patients with and those without polyposis, which showed significant differences in health-related QOL between the two groups. Schlosser et al 5 investigated the growing recognition of the association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and other comorbidities; in this case, that of depression, which showed that depression may be more closely associated with CRS than previously realized and especially for patients with polyposis. DeConde and Soler 6 review the epidemiologic data that evaluates the burden of illness that CRS places on society and shows that, although clinicians are focused by guidelines on sinus-specific symptoms, patients seem to be most impacted by the general-health related consequences of CRS.…”