Depression in patients with euthyroid chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

Kırım, Sinan; Keşkek, Şakir Özgür; Köksal, Fatma; Haydardedeoğlu, Filiz Ekşi; Bozkirli, Emre; Toledano, Yoel

doi:10.1507/endocrj.ej12-0035

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…17,21,23,25,27,37,55,57,[59][60][61]64 Sensitivity Analysis, Publication Bias, and Meta-regression There were significant amounts of heterogeneity, both for the depression model (Q = 214.2; P < .001; I 2 = 92.6%) and the anxiety model (Q = 104.4; P < .001; I 2 = 89.8%) (Table). Sensitivity analyses revealed no statistical outliers except for 1 study 19 touching the upper limit of the acceptable residual range (−3 to 3). Thus, the robustness of our results was confirmed.…”

Section: Meta-analytic Association Between Ait and Anxiety Disordersmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis

et al. 2018

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This meta-analysis establishes the association between AIT and depression and anxiety disorders. Patients with AIT exhibit an increased chance of developing symptoms of depression and anxiety or of receiving a diagnosis of depression and anxiety disorders. This finding has important implications for patients and could lead to the choice of early treatment-and not only psychotherapeutic treatment-of the organic disorder.

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Section: Meta-analytic Association Between Ait and Anxiety Disordersmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Figure 2 shows the overall association of AIT with symptoms of depression. 17,19,21,23,25,27,37,38,[52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]…”

Section: Meta-analytic Association Between Ait and Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis

et al. 2018

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“…It is recognised that stressful events can exacerbate or bring on episodes of autoimmune diseases, and also there appears to be an association between thyroid autoimmunity and postpartum depression. Two studies have shown an association between thyroid autoimmunity and depression: Pop et al [25] which showed an association in 583 women between TPO antibody levels >100 mU/l and Edinburgh Depression Scale scores and Kirim et al [26] which showed an association in 201 subjects with TPO or Tg antibody positivity and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale scores. Against these, however, a study using the HUNT 2 data in 745 subjects with normal thyroid function did not show any association between presence of TPO antibodies and HADS score [27].…”

Section: Does Hypothyroidism (And Subclinical Hypothyroidism) Affect mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism and Depression

Dayan¹,

Panicker²

2013

Eur Thyroid J

108

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Background: A relationship between hypothyroidism and depression has been assumed for many years; however, the true nature of this association has been difficult to define with many conflicting studies. In recent years, our knowledge in this area has increased significantly with large cohort studies and genetically driven studies being published. Objectives: We reviewed the literature on thyroid function and depression to determine if this relationship has been clarified. Methods: We performed a search on the Pubmed database using the terms ‘thyroid' and ‘mental health', ‘depression' and ‘well-being'. Results: Large epidemiological studies generally suggest no association between thyroid function and depression in subjects without thyroid disease. Subjects on thyroxine have poorer psychological well-being than subjects with no thyroid disease even if biochemically euthyroid, they also show an association between thyroid function and well-being. Whilst there is some early evidence that genetic factors can influence well-being on thyroxine and response to combination therapy, there is also evidence to suggest that much morbidity on thyroxine may be due to initial misdiagnosis and mis-attribution of symptoms. Conclusion: Despite the large number of studies, the relationship between thyroid function and depression remains poorly defined. Clarification of the proportion of subjects on thyroxine incorrectly may assist the large (perhaps genetically driven) studies needed to move forward in this area, as it is expected that they cloud the results.

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“…The probably reason for this relation is the fact that immune dysregulation is one of known pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of depression [11]. Depression is seen in autoimmune thyroid disorders, both in thyroiditis and normal thyroid function [12]. The presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies was proposed to be a vulnerability marker for depression [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid hormones association with depression severity and clinical outcome in patients with major depressive disorder

Berent¹,

Zboralski

Orzechowska

et al. 2014

Mol Biol Rep

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The clinical implications of thyroid hormones in depression have been studied extensively and still remains disputable. Supplementation of thyroid hormones is considered to augment and accelerate antidepressant treatment. Studies on the role of thyroid hormones in depression deliver contradictory results. Here we assess theirs impact on depression severity and final clinical outcome in patients with major depression. Thyrotropin, free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations were measured with automated quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Depression severity and final clinical outcome were rated with 17-itemic Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HDRS(17)] and Clinical Global Impression Scales for severity and for improvement (CGIs, CGIi). FT3 and FT4 concentrations were significantly positively correlated with clinical improvement evaluated with CGIi (R = 0.38, P = 0.012; R = 0.33, P = 0.034, respectively). There was a significant correlation between FT4 concentrations and depression severity assessed in HDRS(17) (R = 0.31, P = 0.047). Male patients presented significantly higher FT3 serum levels (Z = 2.34, P = 0.018) and significantly greater clinical improvement (Z = 2.36, P = 0.018) when compared to female patients. We conclude that free thyroid hormones concentrations are associated with depression severity and have an impact on final clinical outcome. It can be more efficient to augment and accelerate the treatment of major depressive disorder with triiodothyronine instead of levothyroxine because of individual differences in thyroid hormones metabolism.

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Depression in patients with euthyroid chronic autoimmune thyroiditis

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Association of Depression and Anxiety Disorders With Autoimmune Thyroiditis

Hypothyroidism and Depression

Thyroid hormones association with depression severity and clinical outcome in patients with major depressive disorder

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