Depression in Sub-Saharan Africa

Gbadamosi, Ismail Temitayo; Henneh, Isaac Tabiri; Aluko, Oritoke Modupe; Yawson, Emmanuel; Fokoua, Aliance Romain; Koomson, Awo Efua; Torbi, Joseph; Olorunnado, Samson Ehindero; Lewu, Folashade Susan; Yusha'u, Yusuf; Keji-Taofik, Salmat Temilola; Biney, Robert Peter; Tagoe, Thomas Amatey

doi:10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.03.005

Cited by 39 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 233 publications

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“…Although, the prevalence of depression varies by region, the average estimated global prevalence is 4.4% [ 4 ]. Epidemiological data on depression in Africa is poor and reflects the prevalence of only a few higher income countries [ 6 ]. Moreover, where data is available there is high variability among different countries and the data is often inconsistent because of variances in methodological approaches, cross-sectional study designs, and sampling practices [ 6 ].…”

Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epidemiological data on depression in Africa is poor and reflects the prevalence of only a few higher income countries [ 6 ]. Moreover, where data is available there is high variability among different countries and the data is often inconsistent because of variances in methodological approaches, cross-sectional study designs, and sampling practices [ 6 ]. In addition, it has been suggested that most psychiatric research in sub-Saharan Africa is of poor to medium quality, possibly attributed to infectious diseases being the primary research focus [ 7 ].…”

Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, current data suggests that the prevalence of depression in Africa ranges between 3.9% and 9%. In South Africa the estimated prevalence of depression is 4.6%, which is only slightly below estimates in the United States (4.8%) and Europe (4.9%) [ 6 ]. However, a recent WHO Global Health report estimated that the African region comprises approximately 5.4% of the global burden of depression [ 4 ].…”

Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Depression, an unmet health need in Africa: Understanding the promise of ketamine

Millen,

Daniels,

Baijnath

2024

Heliyon

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Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Current Global and African Context Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Depression, an unmet health need in Africa: Understanding the promise of ketamine

Millen,

Daniels,

Baijnath

2024

Heliyon

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“…Still, another study of adolescent girls and young women in-school and out of school in Tanzania revealed a 36% incidence of depression and 31% of anxiety among out of school participants, while 6% of the sample had severe symptoms of anxiety and depression [15]. While these studies used different diagnostic instruments, they nevertheless present important results and offer meaningful insights to probe in other contexts and social circumstances: Sex predicts the incidence of depression and anxiety disorders, with young women consistently having higher rates than males [16, 17,18] while the relation between incidence of depression and anxiety and age groups is less conclusive with studies suggesting a higher incidence in aged people when compared to younger people [19,20] and others indicating that the age group starting in early teens (15-64 years) appears the most impacted in cross-national samples [21], followed by the age group (0-14 years) [16]. These studies, considered in relation to the debilitating impacts of mood disorders when left undiagnosed and untreated [22], suggest that the focus on depressive and anxiety disorders among young people, while controlling for gender and age, should constitute an analytic priority [23,1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Public Mental Health for Youths in Post-Civil War Settings: Exploring Depression, Anxiety, Sleeping Disturbances, and Related Risk and Protective Factors

Igreja,

Axelsen,

Brekelmans

2024

Preprint

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Background: Mental health research in post-conflict societies has predominantly concentrated on war-related traumas and post-traumatic stress disorder among those who lived through the conflict. However, there remains a significant gap in understanding the prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety disorders, sleeping disturbances among the younger generation in post-civil war societies, as well as their associations with age, gender, and risk and protective factors. This study aims to bridge this gap by focusing on young people in Mozambique, a resource-poor nation, two decades after the cessation of the civil war. Methods: The study used mixed methods comprising qualitative and quantitative instruments that included the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ) and Nocturnal Intrusions after Traumatic Experiences Questionnaire (NITE). The sample involved n = 794 young people in homesteads and schools. To examine the results, univariate analysis, chi-square tests, binary logistic regression analyses and odds ratio were used. Results: Risk factors were pervasive in households, communities, and schools. Mental health problems were commonly linked to severe depression (14.2%), anxiety-related disorders (39.3%), sleep disturbances (37.3%), and anxiety dreams (27.5%). Gender, age, and protective factors were associated with the incidence and severity of mental health outcomes, while living with both parents protected against the severity of anxiety-related disorders. Conclusions: Understanding the contextual mental health needs of young people in post-civil war Mozambique is crucial for developing insights to craft and implement targeted public mental health policies and interventions in resource-limited settings. Addressing mental health issues among young people necessitates a concentrated effort on understanding and managing the interplay of risks and protective factors within families, communities, and schools.

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“…The prevalence of MDD was also reported to be as high as 34.8% among patients with chronic illness and 63.1% in traumatic patients [ 11 ]. In sub-Saharan African countries, pooled results reporting the lifetime prevalence of MDD are limited [ 12 ]. Single studies from Uganda [ 13 ], Sudan [ 14 ], and Tanzania [ 15 ] had revealed the prevalence MDD to be 29.3%, 31%, and 42.4% among youths, traumatic adults, and patients with chronic illness respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of major depressive disorder and its associated factors among adult patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt District, Ethiopia; 2022: community-based cross-sectional study

Bimerew,

Gebremeskel,

Beletew

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Introduction Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the commonest mental disorders affecting more than 250 million people globally. Patients with chronic illnesses had higher risks for developing MDD than the general population. Neurolathyrism is a chronic illness characterized by lifelong incurable spastic paralysis of lower extremities; causing permanent disability. It is highly prevalent in Dawunt district, Ethiopia; with a point prevalence of 2.4%. Despite this, there were no previous studies assessing the prevalence of MDD among patients with neurolathyrism in Ethiopia. Objective To assess the prevalence of MDD and to identify its associated factors among patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt district, Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study was conducted on 260 samples in Dawunt district from February 01 to March 30/ 2021. Multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. The patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression screening tool was used to diagnose MDD. PHQ-9 is a standardized depression screening tool and a PHQ-9 score of ≥ 10 has a sensitivity and specificity of 88.0% [95% CI (83.0–92.0%)] and 85.0% [95% CI (82.0–88.0%)] for screening MDD. Data were collected by interview; entered to EpiData version 4.2.0; exported to SPSS version 25.0 for analysis; descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model were used; AOR with 95% CI was used to interpret the associations; and finally results were presented by texts, charts, graphs, and tables. Results A total of 256 adult patients with neurolathyrism were participated; and the prevalence of MDD was found to be 38.7%. Being female [AOR = 3.00; 95% CI (1.15, 7.84)], living alone [AOR = 2.77; 95% CI (1.02–7.53)], being on neurolathyrism stage-3 [AOR = 3.22; 95% CI (1.09, 9.54)] or stage-4 [AOR = 4.00; 95% CI (1.28, 12.48)], stigma [AOR = 2.69; 95% CI (1.34, 5.39)], and lack of social/ family support [AOR = 3.61; 95% CI (1.80, 7.24)] were found to have statistically significant association with an increased odds of MDD; while regular exercise and ever formal counselling were found to have statistically significant association with a decreased odds of MDD. Conclusion The prevalence of MDD among neurolathyrism patients in Dawunt district was high. Lack of social support, stigma, not getting formal counselling, and not involving in regular exercise were modifiable risk factors. Therefore, social support, reducing stigma, formal counselling, and encouraging regular exercise might help to reduce the burden of MDD among neurolathyrism patients.

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Depression in Sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 39 publications

References 233 publications

Depression, an unmet health need in Africa: Understanding the promise of ketamine

Depression, an unmet health need in Africa: Understanding the promise of ketamine

Enhancing Public Mental Health for Youths in Post-Civil War Settings: Exploring Depression, Anxiety, Sleeping Disturbances, and Related Risk and Protective Factors

Prevalence of major depressive disorder and its associated factors among adult patients with neurolathyrism in Dawunt District, Ethiopia; 2022: community-based cross-sectional study

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