Depression in the Wives of Nuclear Submarine Personnel

Beckman, Karen; Marsella, Anthony J.; Finney, R.

doi:10.1176/ajp.1979.136.4b.524

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Negative emotions result when people are excluded from social groups (e.g., Barden, Garber, Leiman, Ford, & Masters, 1985), and individuals with close social bonds suffer if they are separated for long periods of time (Baumeister & Leary, 1995). For example, wives of men who work on submarines often experience increased physical illness and depression during their spouses' absences (Beckman, Marsella, & Finney, 1979). Williams (2001) showed that ostracism from social groups can have a devastating impact on people, and that exclusion even from relatively unimportant groups can create strong negative feelings.…”

Section: Selected Findings With Policy Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Money

Diener

Seligman

2004

Psychol Sci Public Interest

1,844

292

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SUMMARY-Policy decisions at the organizational, corporate, and governmental levels should be more heavily influenced by issues related to well-being--people's evaluations and feelings about their lives. Domestic policy currently focuses heavily on economic outcomes, although economic indicators omit, and even mislead about, much of what society values. We show that economic indicators have many shortcomings, and that measures of well-being point to important conclusions that are not apparent from economic indicators alone. For example, although economic output has risen steeply over the past decades, there has been no rise in life satisfaction during this period, and there has been a substantial increase in depression and distrust. We argue that economic indicators were extremely important in the early stages of economic development, when the fulfillment of basic needs was the main issue. As societies grow wealthy, however, differences in well-being are less frequently due to income, and are more frequently due to factors such as social relationships and enjoyment at work.Important noneconomic predictors of the average levels of well-being of societies include social capital, democratic governance, and human rights. In the workplace, noneconomic factors influence work satisfaction and profitability. It is therefore important that organizations, as well as nations, monitor the well-being of workers, and take steps to improve it.Assessing the well-being of individuals with mental disorders casts light on policy problems that do not emerge from economic indicators. Mental disorders cause widespread suffering, and their impact is growing, especially in relation to the influence of medical disorders, which is declining. Although many studies now show that the suffering due to mental disorders can be alleviated by treatment, a large proportion of persons with mental disorders go untreated. Thus, a policy imperative is to offer treatment to more people with mental disorders, and more assistance to their caregivers.Supportive, positive social relationships are necessary for well-being. There are data suggesting that well-being leads to good social relationships and does not merely follow from them. In addition, experimental evidence indicates that people suffer when they are ostracized from groups or have poor relationships in groups. The fact that strong social relationships are critical to well-being has many policy implications. For instance, corporations should carefully consider relocating employees because doing so can sever friendships and therefore be detrimental to well-being.Desirable outcomes, even economic ones, are often caused by well-being rather than the other way around. People high in wellbeing later earn higher incomes and perform better at work than people who report low well-being. Happy workers are better organizational citizens, meaning that they help other people at work in various ways. Furthermore, people high in well-being seem to have better social relationships than people low in wellbeing. ...

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Section: Selected Findings With Policy Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Money

Diener

Seligman

2004

Psychol Sci Public Interest

1,844

292

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A recently published study of survivors of the 9/11 attacks found a 37.8% rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as PTSD-related symptoms of depression and anxiety (Shalev & Freedman, 2005). It is widely recognized that somatization is linked to increased levels of depression, anxiety, and stress (Aragones, Labad, Pinol, Lucena, & Alonso, 2005;Barkow et al, 2004;Beckman, Marsella, & Finney, 1979;Henningsen, Zimmermann, & Sattel, 2003;Kirmayer, 2004;McLeod, Budd, & McClelland, 1997;Tylee & Gandhi, 2005), and that major traumatic life events can have long-term and perhaps life-long effects, including higher PTSD scores, higher depression, anxiety, somatization, as well as lower physical, psychological, and social qualities of life (Amir & Lev-Wiesel, 2003;Shalev, Tuval-Mashiach, & Hadar, 2004).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies document stress and depression in spouses of deployed service members (Beckman et al, 1979;McNulty, 2003McNulty, , 2005. However, after an extensive literature review, no studies were found examining perceived stress and the level of somatization in spouses of the deployed versus nondeployed service member, particularly as it relates to utilization of healthcare resources.…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Stress‐induced somatization in spouses of deployed and nondeployed servicemen

Burton¹,

Farley²,

Rhea³

2009

Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners

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“…Thousands of forgotten soldiers serve outside the war zone during every war, often experiencing severe separation and readjustment stressors that may lead to psychological and relational difficulties (Beckman, Marsella, & Finney, 1979;Bey & Lange, 1974;Decker, 1978;Hillenbrand, 1976;Hunter, 1988;Kelley, 1994;Rienerth, 1978). Following Operation Desert Storm (ODS), many military personnel who served outside the war zone reported suffering stress-related psychological, vocational, and family systems impairment (Baker, Campbell, Dyrenforth, Grace, Koruna, Lieneck, & Wesch, 1992;Peebles-Klieger & Klieger, 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Family Systems Therapy After Operations Desert Storm With European‐theater Veterans

Ford

Chandler

Thacker

et al. 1998

J Marital Family Therapy

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We describe a quasi-experimental trial of time-limited family therapy with veterans and families of veterans who served in Europe, outside the war zone, during Operation Desert Storm (ODS). Family systems therapy was provided both to individuals and conjointly to couples or families during the acute postwar readjustment period. The intervention adapted strategies from structural, strategic, intergenerational, and behavioral family therapies in a brief-treatment protocol for systemic stressor resolution. Veterans given family system therapy were able to resume functional levels of psychosocial adjustment and reduce the risk of long-term (chronic or delayed) psychosocial impairment. Based on these preliminary findings, controlled evaluation of family systems therapy appears warranted for individuals and families exposed to subtraumatic stressors such as wartime non-war-zone military deployment.

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Depression in the Wives of Nuclear Submarine Personnel

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Beyond Money

Beyond Money

Stress‐induced somatization in spouses of deployed and nondeployed servicemen

Family Systems Therapy After Operations Desert Storm With European‐theater Veterans

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