Depression: its trajectory and correlates in mothers rearing children with intellectual disability

Abstract

The low depression scores, not significantly different for birth and adoptive mothers, portray the long-term prognosis for adjustment to rearing children with disabilities as primarily positive. Moreover, the predictive value of neuroticism suggests that general mental health is an important component influencing this adjustment. Nevertheless, a different pattern for a different outcome variable suggests that multiple measures are necessary to portray accurately the complexity of reaction over time.

Depression and chronic health conditions in parents of children with and without developmental disabilities: The growing up in Ireland cohort study

“…First, the data are observational and the analysis conducted on data at one point in time. The high levels of depression observed in parents caring for children with developmental disabilities may be transitory, though there is evidence that higher levels of depression in this population persist over time (Dyson, 1993;Glidden & Schoolcraft, 2003). The data reported here are for parents of 9-year old children.…”

Intellectual Disability and Developmental Risk: Promoting Intervention to Improve Child and Family Well‐Being

“…Furthermore, behavioral parent training approaches do not consistently result in reductions of parenting stress (Singer, Ethridge, & Aldana, 2007), and mindfulness interventions for parents of children with ID do not always lead to reductions in child behavior problems (Dykens et al, 2014) despite the fact that such relations have been reasonably well established. Parents of children with ID have varying levels of parental stress (Glidden & Schoolcraft, 2003), and we contend that those parents with especially high stress will find it difficult to make long-term parenting behavior change that results in sustainable changes in child behavior problems in the absence of parental stress reduction. Consistent with Guralnick's (2016) model, family resources, specifically the mental health, coping styles, and perceived competence and confidence of parents, must improve in order for family patterns of interaction to improve, thereby optimizing child outcomes.…”

Childhood Age Epilepsy and Family

“…(Melnyk, 1994, Esdaile et al, 2003, Hasting, 2003, Macias et al,2003. Some psychiatric problems such as somatic complaints, depression and anxiety disorder are more frequently observed on mothers who have a chronic diseased child than those who do not have a chronic diseased child (Glidden & Schoolcraft, 2003). Various factors such as economic conditions, educational level, jobs, marital adjustment and social security of parents, the type and the severity of the chronic disease, the age of the child and much requirement for medical help ( for example; epileptic seizure) affect parents to accept the chronic diseased child, to perceive the disease and to cope with stress (Goldberg et al,1990, Hanson & Hanline, 1994.…”