Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Are There Any Gender Differences?

Fracas, Elia; Costantino, Andrea; Vecchi, Maurizio; Buoli, Massimiliano

doi:10.3390/ijerph20136255

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…This mirrored the study by Byrne et al done in Canada [ 11 ], as they too found that females were also more likely to exhibit anxiety than males. This has been concurred by a literature review done in Italy [ 17 ], reporting that most studies validated that women with IBD were more likely than men to develop psychiatric disorders, yielding up to 65% of women with IBD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim Region

Alnafisah,

Alsaleem,

Aldakheel

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It carries a risk of annual relapses and multiple intense flares, which require lifelong treatment and, sometimes, surgical interventions. This affects patients negatively in various aspects of their functioning, and they are left with an increased risk of disturbed quality of life and mental illnesses. Aim This study is carried out to describe the prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression symptoms among adult patients with IBD at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim, Saudi Arabia, and to examine the relationship between mental illness and disease activity. Patient and methods This cross-sectional descriptive study targets adult patients with IBD attending a gastroenterology clinic and medical day care unit. A self-administered questionnaire was given to patients with the help of an IBD nurse. The questionnaire includes the patient's demographic data (i.e., age, gender, etc.), symptoms and treatment patterns, the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) questionnaire to measure anxiety, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to measure depression. Results Among the 179 IBD patients, 60.9% were males, and 40.8% were in the age group of 25-35 years. CD was the most prevalent IBD (73.2%). Perineal CD was detected in 45%. The prevalence of patients who were positive for anxiety symptoms was 17.3%, while the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 19.6%. The independent risk factor for anxiety was female gender, while the independent risk factor for depression was extraintestinal manifestation. The preventive factor for depression was treatment with IV medication. Conclusion Almost one-fifth of IBD patients were considered to have either anxiety or depression. Female gender was a risk factor for anxiety while extraintestinal manifestation of IBD was a risk factor for depression. Interestingly, treatment with IV medication was found to be the protective factor for depression. More investigations are warranted to give more insights regarding the prevalence and risk factors of psychological disorders among patients with IBD in our region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim Region

Alnafisah,

Alsaleem,

Aldakheel

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…With regard to anxiety symptoms, the only factor that was found to be associated with the long-term persistence of these conditions is female gender. The observation of the higher vulnerability of those of the female gender to anxiety disorders is widely reported in literature, and it is supported by different findings, including (1) a higher prevalence of these disorders in women than men [48]; (2) the fact that women experience large fluctuations in the expression of estrogens, which are protective against psychiatric conditions [49,50]; and (3) the observation that women are more vulnerable to the detrimental effects of stress, such as those caused by a chronic illness like AD [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Which Factors Are Associated with Persistence of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients Affected by Atopic Dermatitis despite 2-Year Treatment with Dupilumab?

Ferrucci,

Tavecchio,

Ceresa

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease whose course is often complicated by the presence of concomitant anxiety and depressive disorders. Dupilumab has been demonstrated to be largely effective in AD. The aims of the present study were to (1) to verify the effectiveness of 2-year dupilumab treatment on the depressive and anxiety symptoms of patients affected by AD and (2) to identify predictors of the persistence of psychiatric symptoms despite maintenance treatment with dupilumab. Methods: A total of 331 patients with severe AD were assessed at baseline and at different times over 2 years by a large set of rating scales, including the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Paired sample t-tests were performed to verify the effectiveness of dupilumab on the severity of AD and mental health items. Two binary logistic regression models were then used to identify the predictors of the persistence of clinically significant depression and anxiety, defined by a score ≥ 8 on each sub-scale of the HADS. Results: After 2 years of treatment with dupilumab, the patients benefited, showing a significant improvement in both the dermatological disease and comorbid depression/anxiety (p < 0.001 for all scales). Overall, 17.5% and 13% of patients, respectively, reported residual depressive and anxiety symptoms after the 2-year treatment with dupilumab. The baseline predictors of the persistence of clinically significant depressive symptoms after the 2-year treatment with dupilumab were found to be a higher body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.012), a lower impact of dermatological disease on quality of life (p = 0.015), and more severe depressive symptoms (p < 0.01), while for anxiety, the only predictor was found to be female gender (p = 0.03). Conclusions: Using a multidisciplinary approach, at baseline, dermatologists should more closely monitor patients who are at a greater risk of maintaining residual psychiatric symptoms despite therapy, such as those with more severe depressive symptoms and those who are overweight.

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“…It is believed that IBS symptoms are influenced by both external stressors. such as major life events, and internal stressors, such as excessive conditioned reactivity [14,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI-IT): Italian Adaptation and Validation

Rizzo,

Mautone,

Sitibondo

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The VSI represents a significant advancement in the assessment of gastrointestinal-specific anxiety among patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and other Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). However, an Italian version of the instrument is not yet available for the reference population. This study utilized a national sample of 500 individuals, including healthy controls and patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease, to test the validity and reliability of the Italian VSI. Using back-translation methodology to ensure translation fidelity, the research applied a questionnaire and the VSI through an online format to 500 participants. Data analysis revealed that the Italian VSI had excellent psychometric properties, demonstrating high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.95) and construct validity. The scale proved sensitive in detecting significant differences in visceral sensitivity among groups, highlighting its utility as a clinical and research assessment tool. Specifically, the Italian VSI exhibited a unidimensional factorial structure and maintained a strong correlation with other measures of anxiety and the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms, confirming its role in enhancing the understanding and management of IBS and IBD in Italy.

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Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Are There Any Gender Differences?

Cited by 11 publications

References 90 publications

Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim Region

Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Qassim Region

Which Factors Are Associated with Persistence of Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Patients Affected by Atopic Dermatitis despite 2-Year Treatment with Dupilumab?

Visceral Sensitivity Index (VSI-IT): Italian Adaptation and Validation

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