Depressive symptoms among migrants and non-migrants in Europe: documenting and explaining inequalities in times of socio-economic instability

Gkiouleka, Anna; Avrami, Lydia; Kostaki, Anastasia; Huijts, Tim; Eikemo, Terje Andreas; Stathopoulou, Theoni

doi:10.1093/eurpub/cky202

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Perceived discrimination has been shown to be related with depressive symptoms in Turkish migrants (5) as well as other migrants groups (45,(47)(48)(49)(50). The European Social Surveys from 2006/2007 (51) and 2014 (37) confirm the association between perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms in migrants and also non-migrants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Associations Between Acculturation, Depressive Symptoms, and Life Satisfaction Among Migrants of Turkish Origin in Germany: Gender- and Generation-Related Aspects

Morawa

Brand

Dragano³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the degree of depressive symptoms and life satisfaction (LS) as well as the association between acculturation and depressive symptoms among a large sample of persons with Turkish migration background in Germany, taking into account gender-and migration-related differences. Methods: This study was part of a pretest for a large national epidemiological cohort study in Germany. Acculturation was measured using the Frankfurt Acculturation Scale (FRACC). Based on the median split of the two subscales, four acculturative styles according to Berry (integration, assimilation, separation and marginalization) were determined. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the depression module (PHQ-9) from the Patient Health Questionnaire. LS was assessed with a single item on a scale from 1 = bad to 5 = excellent. Differences in levels of depressive symptoms and LS in relation to gender and generation of migration were tested with analysis of covariance, controlling for age. Gender-stratified multiple linear regression analyses were also conducted for depressive symptoms as criterion variable. Results: 328 Turkish migrants participated (61.3% women). The cutoff value of ≥10 for the PHQ-9 was achieved by 33.2% of the women and 26.4% of the men (p=0.209, j=0.071). In female migrants, the age-adjusted mean score for depressive symptoms was 7.81 (SD=6.42), in males 6.70 (SD=6.41) (p=0.137, h 2 =0.007). After controlling for unemployment status, women showed a trend for being more frequently depressed than men (p=0.055, j=0.117) and also demonstrated a trend for higher levels of depressive symptoms (p=0.072, h 2 =0.012). No significant gender-specific difference was found concerning age-adjusted mean score for LS (p=0.547, h 2 =0.001), also when controlled for unemployment status (p=0.322, h 2 =0.004). In both sexes, the second generation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Associations Between Acculturation, Depressive Symptoms, and Life Satisfaction Among Migrants of Turkish Origin in Germany: Gender- and Generation-Related Aspects

Morawa

Brand

Dragano³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Age, gender and perceived discrimination appear to be more decisive determinants of self-reported depressive symptoms than migrant background. The sixth study by Gkiouleka et al 29 broadens the scope further by exploring self-reported depressive symptoms in the light of migration status, gender, childhood experiences, socioeconomic factors and social support across European countries that have been unevenly affected by the economic crisis. They find that the crisis’ impact on self-reported depressive symptoms among migrants and non-migrants has not been uniform across socio-demographic contexts.…”

Section: Highlightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health in crises. Migration, austerity and inequalities in Greece and Europe: introduction to the supplement

Eikemo

Avrami

Cavounidis

et al. 2018

European Journal of Public Health

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This introduction summarizes and discusses the main findings of the supplement ‘Health in crises. Migration, austerity and inequalities in Greece and Europe’ to the European Journal of Public Health. The supplement applies data from the ESS (2014) health module in combination with the MIGHEAL study, which is a new source of data on the Greek population specially designed to examine health inequalities among and between migrants and natives. This has enabled the authors of the nine articles that constitute this supplement to address several pressing issues about the distribution of health and its determinants in Greece and other European countries. The main finding of the present supplement is the exceptionally high rates of reported depressive symptoms across the whole population residing in Greece and particularly among women. Levels of unmet need for healthcare were also found to be alarmingly high in Greece compared with other European countries, suggesting that the crisis and subsequent austerity policies may have impacted the provision of healthcare services and access to healthcare for broad sections of the population, whether native or migrant.

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“…Previous studies have reported the vulnerability of immigrants and refugees to mental illhealth [10,[14][15][16]. Immigrants' distress in their daily lives is thought to cause various psychiatric symptoms [10], and immigration is recognised as a risk factor for psychiatric disorders such as stressrelated disorders, mood disorders, substance abuse and psychoses [11,15,20,21]. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have revealed that the incidence of psychotic disorders among immigrants and ethnic minority populations is about 1.5 to 3.0 times as high as that in ethnic majority populations [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and clinical characteristics of foreign nationals accessing psychiatric services in Japan: A multicentre study in a metropolitan area

Takubo

Nemoto

Iwai

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:International immigration to Japan, where homogeneous ethnicity is a population characteristic, has been growing. Although immigration is recognised as a risk factor for multiple mental-health related issues, there are few regional reports on foreign nationals accessing the psychiatric services in Japan. We aimed to reveal their current status and provide information to develop an optimal service system.Methods:A multicentre retrospective document review research was conducted. The subjects were foreign nationals who resided in Japan and presented at the psychiatry departments in three core regional hospitals in the Keihin region, which faces Tokyo Bay and is well known to include the largest traditional industrial zone in Japan, over a period of three years. We investigated the patients’ demographic and clinical information including country/region of origin, spoken language, use of a medical interpreter, pathway to hospitals and outcome.Results:The percentage of foreign patients among all patients (1.4%) was quite low. Their age distribution (45.8 years on average) was dissociated from the age distribution of foreign nationals who resided in Japan. Regarding the country/region of origin, China (35.1%) was the most common country, followed by the Philippines, Korea and Brazil. Several subjects (22.9%) could not speak Japanese; therefore, interpretation was required by family members/friends (17.1%) or a professional interpreter (5.4%). Neurotic and stress-related disorders were the most common diagnosis (24.4%). The proportion of psychoactive substance use was higher than that for Japanese national data as immigrants are known to be at risk for it.Conclusions:The results suggest that foreign nationals who reside in Japan are less likely to contact appropriate services for mental illness, especially young people at relatively high risk of mental illness do not access services. Furthermore, lack of medical interpreters may impede the mental health conditions of foreign nationals. The development of a community-based integrated care system accessible to foreign nationals seems to be indispensable.

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Depressive symptoms among migrants and non-migrants in Europe: documenting and explaining inequalities in times of socio-economic instability

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Associations Between Acculturation, Depressive Symptoms, and Life Satisfaction Among Migrants of Turkish Origin in Germany: Gender- and Generation-Related Aspects

Associations Between Acculturation, Depressive Symptoms, and Life Satisfaction Among Migrants of Turkish Origin in Germany: Gender- and Generation-Related Aspects

Health in crises. Migration, austerity and inequalities in Greece and Europe: introduction to the supplement

Demographic and clinical characteristics of foreign nationals accessing psychiatric services in Japan: A multicentre study in a metropolitan area

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