Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly—An Early Symptom of Dementia? A Systematic Review

Wiels, Wietse; Baeken, Chris; Engelborghs, Sebastiaan

doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00034

Cited by 55 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Depression is also regarded as a risk factor for AD ( 42 , 43 ). Kaplan et al ( 44 ) found depression rates 2.5 times higher in the Arab population compared to the Jewish population in Israel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Differences in Attending a Tertiary Dementia Clinic in Israel

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Variations in lifestyle, socioeconomic status and general health likely account for differences in dementia disparities across racial groups. Our aim was to evaluate the characteristics of Arab (AS) and Jewish (JS) subjects attending a tertiary dementia clinic in Israel.Methods: Retrospective data regarding subjects attending the Cognitive Neurology Institute at Rambam Health Care Campus between April 1, 2010, and April 31, 2016, for complaints of cognitive decline were collected from the institutional registry. AS and consecutive JS, aged ≥50 years without a previous history of structural brain disease, were included.Results: The records of 6,175 visits were found; 3,246 subjects were ≥50 years at the initial visit. One hundred and ninety-nine AS and consecutive JS cases were reviewed. Mean age at first visit was 68.4 ± 8.8 for AS and 74.3 for JS (p < 0.0001). Mean education was 7.7 ± 4.8 years for AS and 11.3 years for JS (p < 0.0001). Mean duration of cognitive complaints prior to first visit did not differ between the groups. Initial complaints of both ethnicities were failing memory (97%) and behavioral changes (59%). Functional impairment was reported by 59% of AS and 45% of JS (p = 0.005). MMSE on first evaluation was 19.2 ± 7 for AS and 23.1 ± 5.9 for JS; p = 0.001. Alzheimer's disease was diagnosed in 32% AS and 23% JS, mild cognitive impairment in 12% AS and 21% JS. Normal cognition was diagnosed in 2% AS and 9% JS; p = 0.0001.Conclusions: Compared to JS, AS attend a tertiary clinic when their cognitive impairment already affects their functional abilities providing a comprehensive benchmark for social health care interventions to reduce disparities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic Differences in Attending a Tertiary Dementia Clinic in Israel

et al. 2021

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“…There are multiple etiologies that contribute to dementia that can be roughly divided in to "neurodegenerative", "non-neurodegenerative" or mixed types [1,20], while the decline of cognitive function is the universal character of all dementia [6]. The advanced age accounts for the majority of involution dementia worldwide [1], while depression may play a role in general dementia development [21]. For specific pathophysiology of dementia, the direct damage to brain tissue via ischemic stroke or intracranial hemorrhage is the mechanism of VD [22], and evensmall vessel disease can cause following VD episodes [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the Severities of Glaucoma on the Incidence of Subsequent Dementia: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Kuo

Chung²,

Hsu

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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The aim of the present study was to survey the relationship between the severity of glaucoma and subsequent dementia using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan. Subjects with glaucoma were selected into the study group after an exclusion process, and each subject in the study group was propensity score-matched to another non-glaucoma patient that constituted the control group. The Cox proportional hazard regression that considered multiple potential risk factors of dementia was used to yield the adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) of dementia in different severities of glaucoma. There were 1185 (5.63 percent) subjects in the study group and 1119 (5.32 percent) patients in the control group that developed dementia. After adjusting for multiple confounders, there were no differences in the rate of any dementia (aHR: 0.961, 95% CI: 0.886–1.043, p = 0.3443), vascular dementia (aHR: 0.928, 95% CI: 0.846–1.018, p = 0.1154), Alzheimer’s disease (aHR: 1.018, 95% CI: 0.761–1.362, p = 0.9025) or Parkinson’s disease (aHR: 1.021, 95% CI: 0.886–1.176, p = 0.7744) between the study and the control groups. Regarding the disease severity of glaucoma, no difference was found in any type of dementia whether the glaucoma patients received less than two medical treatments, received more than two medical treatments, received drainage surgeries or received destructive surgeries. In conclusion, the different severities of glaucoma do not alter the incidence of subsequent dementia.

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“…Depressed mood is frequent in patients with AD ( Weiner et al , 1997 ; Wiels et al , 2020 ). During the course of the disease, nearly half of the patients experience clinically significant depressive syndrome ( Starkstein et al , 2005 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive profiles in persons with depressive disorder and Alzheimer’s disease

Lanza

Sejunaite

Steindel

et al. 2020

Brain Communications

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Alzheimer’s disease and depressive disorder are frequent in old age. Both may be associated with depressed mood and cognitive impairment. Therefore, finding a strategy to clarify the diagnosis underlying subjective complaints of impaired cognition and depressed mood in older persons is of utmost interest. We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective observational clinical cohort study using patient records from 2014 to 2018. From 3758 patients, we included patients aged 60 years and older with a Mini-Mental-Status Examination score of 24 and above. Final analysis included all patients in whom Alzheimer’s disease biomarker analysis was performed (CSF markers of Alzheimer’s disease or PET imaging; n = 179) and patients with depressive disorder in whom Alzheimer’s disease was ruled out by analysis of biomarkers suggestive of AD (n = 70). With case-control matching for age, education and gender, performance of patients with Alzheimer’s disease was worse in acquisition, consolidation and recall of verbal information and false positive answers. None of the results, however, sufficed to differentially diagnose individual patients with Alzheimer’s disease or depressive disorder. With more severe symptoms of depression, patients with biomarker-verified Alzheimer’s disease performed worse in executive testing but were not additionally impaired in verbal episodic memory performance. We conclude that distinguishing between Alzheimer’s disease and depressive disorder is unreliable on clinical grounds and behavioral testing alone. Diagnosing the cause of subjective complaints about deteriorating cognitive function or depressed mood requires additional biomarker assessment, whereas cognitive assessment is needed to define appropriate targets of symptomatic treatment in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and depressive disorder.

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Depressive Symptoms in the Elderly—An Early Symptom of Dementia? A Systematic Review

Cited by 55 publications

References 77 publications

Ethnic Differences in Attending a Tertiary Dementia Clinic in Israel

Ethnic Differences in Attending a Tertiary Dementia Clinic in Israel

Impact of the Severities of Glaucoma on the Incidence of Subsequent Dementia: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Cognitive profiles in persons with depressive disorder and Alzheimer’s disease

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