Depth of invasion in superficial oral tongue carcinoma quantified using intraoral ultrasonography

Abstract

Objective Depth of invasion (DOI) in oral carcinoma has been integrated into the primary tumor categories in the current tumor‐node‐metastasis staging (8th edition). However, there is no standard modality to determine DOI preoperatively. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the accuracy of a preoperative measurement of DOI using ultrasonography (US) for superficial oral tongue carcinomas, and to correlate the values obtained with histologically determined DOI measurements. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the records of 56 patients with oral tongue carcinoma who underwent intraoral US preoperatively, followed by curative surgery at the Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital in Japan. For the measurement of DOI with US, our unique technique (water balloon method) was evaluated. Results The histologically measured tumor size (maximum diameter) showed a distribution of 7.0 to 40.0 mm (mean, 18.6 mm). The correlation between the US‐obtained and histologically obtained DOIs was significant (r = 0.867; P < 0.001). In tumors characterized histologically as superficial (DOI ≤ 5 mm), a significant correlation was observed between US‐obtained and histologically obtained DOIs (r = 0.870, P < 0.001). For the entire cohort, the sensitivity and specificity of US assessment of DOI of ≤ 5 mm or > 5 mm were 92.3% and 70.6%, respectively. Conclusion Intraoral US provides sufficient accuracy for the measurement of tumor DOI in oral tongue carcinoma and is complementary in assessing superficial lesions. Level of Evidence 4. Laryngoscope, 128:2778–2782, 2018

Magnetic Resonance vs. Intraoral Ultrasonography in the Preoperative Assessment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The articles were published over a period of 17 years (2001-2018), and patient recruitment covered the period 1997-2016. The studies showed a wide geographical distribution, but also, for intraoral US, the most substantial contributions came from Asian countries, in particular, from Japan (six studies) (28,31,33,35,37,38). There was a moderate male preponderance (59%) among the participants included in this analysis.…”

“…All studies compared TT or DOI measured preoperatively or intraoperatively by intraoral US with TT or DOI measured on histopathological slides. A total of 12 studies (n = 520 patients) was included (19,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38). The sample size ranged from 13 to 109 patients.…”

“…The mean age was 60.3 years (range, 57-65). Seven studies included patients affected by T1-T4 oral SCC (19,28,29,32,(36)(37)(38), and five recruited T1-T2 tumors (30,31,(33)(34)(35). Nodal categories ranged from N0 to N3.…”

“…Nodal categories ranged from N0 to N3. The most frequently analyzed oral cavity subsite was the oral tongue (eight studies) (19,28,29,31,(33)(34)(35)37), while four papers described oral SCC from different subsites (30,32,36,38). All the studies selected had a good linear correlation between intraoral US and histopathology.…”

“…Among these, eight also calculated the overestimation of intraoral US compared to the histopathology reports (mean, 1.7 mm) (19, 28-31, 34, 37, 38). One study reported DOI measured by intraoral US (28).…”