Depth Profiling Analysis of Tarnish Films on Copper Formed during Short-Term Outdoor Exposure by Glow Discharge Optical Emission Spectroscopy

Toyoda, E.; Watanabe, Masamitsu; Higashi, Youichirou; Tanaka, Tohru; Miyata, Yusuke; Ichino, Toshihiro

doi:10.5006/1.3287851

Cited by 5 publications

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“…1 The posnjakite formed on the cuprite as plate-like crystals, 3 which was confi rmed using depth-profi ling analyses, such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) 3 and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES). 5 These depth-profi ling analyses also revealed that the distributions of sulfur and chlorine were different. Chlorine penetrated into the tarnish layer and existed…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] In addition to cuprite (Cu 2 O), basic copper sulfate posnjakite (Cu 4 SO 4 [OH] 6 ·H 2 O) was found in the corrosion products on the copper exposed in urban and rural/coastal areas. 1 The posnjakite formed on the cuprite as plate-like crystals, 3 which was confi rmed using depth-profi ling analyses, such as Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) 3 and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corrosion Products Formed on Silver After a One-Month Exposure to Urban Atmospheres

Watanabe¹,

Shinozaki²,

Toyoda³

et al. 2006

CORROSION

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Silver plates were exposed to an urban atmosphere for one month to investigate the corrosion products formed in the early stages. After the exposure experiments, the corrosion products on the silver plates were characterized using x-ray techniques, including x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray fl uorescence analysis (XRF). The XRD patterns of the corrosion products on silver revealed that both silver chloride (AgCl) and silver sulfi de (Ag 2 S) formed. The diffraction peaks originating from AgCl were much stronger than those of Ag 2 S; therefore, AgCl was predominant in the corrosion products observed on the outdoor-exposed silver. The chlorine that formed the AgCl originated primarily from sea-salt aerosols. The seasonal differences in the AgCl intensities in the XRD pattern could be observed. However, there was almost no difference in the Ag 2 S intensities. This was due to the low sea-salt concentrations and relative humidity during winter. Only Ag 2 S formed on the indoor-exposed silver. The absence of AgCl peaks in the XRD patterns indicated that the sea-salt concentrations were quite low in the indoor exposure site. Silver was found to be sensitive to the chloride in sea-salt aerosol and reduced sulfurous gases.KEY WORDS: atmospheric corrosion, silver, urban atmosphere, x-ray diffraction, x-ray fl uorescence analysis

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