Der Boden und die landwirthschaftlichen Verhältnisse des Preussischen Staates

Grossmann, F.; Meitzen, August

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.21408

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The fact that the absolute number of partly emancipated increases only marginally over time demonstrates that the large majority of the peasantry was already partly emancipated by 1848 while the process of full emancipation continued to gain momentum towards the end of the century. Source: Meitzen and Grossmann (1901).…”

Section: Data On Peasants' Emancipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landownership concentration and the expansion of education

Cinnirella

Hornung

2016

Journal of Development Economics

114

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This paper studies the effect of landownership concentration on school enrollment for nineteenth century Prussia. Prussia is an interesting laboratory given its decentralized educational system and the presence of heterogeneous agricultural institutions. We find that landownership concentration, a proxy for the institution of serfdom, has a negative effect on schooling. This effect diminishes substantially towards the end of the century. Causality of this relationship is confirmed by introducing soil texture to identify exogenous farm-size variation. Panel estimates further rule out unobserved heterogeneity. We present several robustness checks which shed some light on possible mechanisms.

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Section: Data On Peasants' Emancipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Landownership concentration and the expansion of education

Cinnirella

Hornung

2016

Journal of Development Economics

114

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“…This permits us to capture precisely those cases in which, upon settlement, the former serfs were no longer required to provide labor services to their manorial lords. In addition, for each case, Meitzen (1868) reports the number of redeemed days of service as well as the cost of redemption. We use this information in our analysis to account for the average intensity of coercion and, in a different exercise, to explore cross-county variation in the average cost of redemption itself.…”

Section: Emancipation and Worker Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, we link capital ownership by the elites in early stages of industrialization with the subsequent intensity of labor emancipation. This section discusses the most relevant aspects of our dataset, relegating additional information to Appendix A.4.1 Serf emancipationWe employ administrative data on de facto serf emancipation, obtained from sources published by the Prussian Statistical Office and first presented inMeitzen (1868) for the purposes of documenting the progress achieved by the emancipation process by the mid-nineteenth century.The dependent variable in our cross-sectional analysis is based on the county-level cumulative stock of emancipation cases (Rezesse) settled as of 1848. Thus, we attempt to explain the observed variation in labor emancipation at this highly disaggregated administrative level in Prussian regions east of the river Rhine.30 The original data tables indicate the specific legislation under which each emancipation case was settled, and we exploit this information to focus our measure on the number of former service and duty payers (Dienst-und Agabenpflichtige, welche30 We structure our county-level data set to consistently link information from different censuses over time.…”

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confidence: 99%

Capital-Skill Complementarity and the Emergence of Labor Emancipation

et al. 2017

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“…Jahrhundert ermöglichte die Anlage von Gräben auch kleineren Besitzern, von den traditionellen Pflugmethoden abzugehen, die zwischen einzelnen "Beeten" Wasserabzugsrinnen gelassen hatten, um den damit verbundenen Landverlust zu vermeiden. 148 Durch das Verschwinden der Schwarzbrache kam es zudem zu einem Rückgang der Bodenerosion. 149 Die intensivere Bodennutzung konnte aber aus einem Mangel an Dünger zunächst sogar zu einer Verschlechterung der Lage durch die baldige Erschöpfung des Bodens führen.…”

Section: Rita Gudermannunclassified

„Mitbesitz an Gottes Erde“ - Die ökologischen Folgen der Gemeinheitsteilungen

Gudermann¹

2000

Jahrbuch Für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook

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Not the fertile fields or pastures, but the less productive or barren lands such as heathlands, moors and lowlands, woods and different reservoirs of water and their shores, were used as commons. They served important functions, as grazing area, and as a source of fertilizers, obtained through removing the topmost layer of the soil. In addition, they offered a variety of marginal resources especially for the lower rural classes. They were supposedly the ones who were burdened with the overuse of common areas starting at the end of the eighteenth century. The thesis of overexploitation of the rural poor was an important argument in favour of the partition of common property. No less important was a new attitude towards the agrarian landscape. For the "enlightened" middle-class observer, uncultivated land came to be regarded as a potential goldmine as well as a reserve for projected increases in agricultural productivity. Control over former barren land was tightened after the dividing of the commons and the overcoming of the agrarian crisis of the 1820s, when traditional agriculture was replaced by the methods of capitalist agriculture. In the wake of its ambitious, wide-ranging projects of improvement, the government, together with a new kind of peasant entrepreneur, discovered water as a resource instead of merely an unchangeable medium, like wind or the weather. Former barren lands thus underwent a process of drainage and irrigation with enormous consequences, not only economic and social but also ecological. Former wetlands were transformed into fertile fields, heathlands could be turned into meadows by irrigation and with the help of artificial fertilizers. This fits into a process of a general drying out of the Central European landscape and the loss of wetland vegetation and wildlife. The area under cultivation was extended greatly. At the same time, the newly created pasture and arable land was -and still is -dependent on constant water management. The appearance of today's cultural landscape is the result of a struggle which grew increasingly embittered towards the end of the nineteenth century, when conservationists entered the arena and fought for their vision of protecting spaces of nature against capitalist agriculture, as a kind of aesthetic commons.

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Der Boden und die landwirthschaftlichen Verhältnisse des Preussischen Staates

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Landownership concentration and the expansion of education

Landownership concentration and the expansion of education

Capital-Skill Complementarity and the Emergence of Labor Emancipation

„Mitbesitz an Gottes Erde“ - Die ökologischen Folgen der Gemeinheitsteilungen

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